DSpace Community: 國際事務學院
https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/21
國際事務學院2024-03-28T19:37:42Z重新找回「政治制度」在各國COVID-19防疫表現中的重要性
https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/148062
題名: 重新找回「政治制度」在各國COVID-19防疫表現中的重要性; Bringing the “Political Institutions” Back-In to the Variation of Governments’ Performances in Fighting against COVID-19
摘要: 新冠肺炎從2020年的年初開始席捲全球,成為當代影響全球經濟和國際政治最重要的事件,而若以染疫人口占總人口數的比率來看,民主國家在防疫的表現上並未明顯優於非民主國家的這個事實,也引起了政治制度孰優孰劣的辯論。針對這個現象,本文試圖回答「為什麼民主國家的防疫表現沒有比非民主國家來得好」以及「在什麼情況之下民主制度所擁有的優勢才能夠在防疫的表現上展現出來」這兩個問題。關於第一個問題,本文認為,由於民主國家通常全球化的程度較高,使得其在疫情初期的防堵上失去先機,再加上民主國家受限於民主的制度與規範,使得其難以採行嚴厲的防疫手段,因此民主國家在壓低染疫人口的比率上並未取得比非民主國家更好的防疫表現;關於第二個問題,本文認為,在非民主的政治制度中,基於其政治生存的邏輯,防疫表現不一定是政治領袖的重要施政目標,而在民主的政治制度中,雖然政府在民主的競爭壓力下有較高的誘因提供防疫的表現,但民主國家在防疫政策的形成和推動的過程之中牽涉到許多不同的政治行為者彼此之間的關係,而政治的穩定程度愈高的民主國家,其防疫政策在這之間所引發的「政治性衝突」的程度愈低,政府的防疫措施愈能被順利推動,因此政治穩定程度愈高的民主國家,防疫的表現愈好。來自全球140幾個國家的經驗證據支持了本文的論點。本文的發現也找回了「政治制度」在COVID-19防疫表現上的重要性。; The COVID-19 pandemic that has been sweeping the world since the early 2020 is the most important contemporary political and economic event. The fact that democracies do not outperform non-democracies in fighting the pandemic (in terms of the confirmed case percentage to their total population) aroused the debate about which kind of the political institutions is the better one. The goal of this study aims to answer the two questions about “why democracies do not outperform non-democracies in fighting COVID-19” and “when they will do so”. For the first question, I argue that because democracies tend to have higher degree of globalization and are more restricted by democratic norms, which make them often miss the golden window of pandemic preventing and are more reluctant to use coercive and severe restriction policies. As a consequence, democracies do not perform better than non-democracies that usually have lower degree of globalization and are more willing to use coercive and severe restrictions. For the second one, I argue that, due to the logic of political survival, in non-democracies, fighting against the spread of COVID-19 may not be their leaders’ priority, and the democratic leaders are more committed to epidemic prevention. However, since in democracies the formation and implementation of the anti-epidemic policies involve the interaction between the incumbent and the oppositions, the different government departments, and the central-local governments, the degree of political stability conditions how “political” the whole policy process is. In democracies that have higher degree of political stability, the anti-epidemic policies are more likely to be passed and obeyed because they arouse less political tensions between these different policy actors. Therefore, the positive influence of democratic institutions on epidemic prevention performance is stronger when the countries have higher degree of political stability. Empirical evidence from about 140 countries around the world supports my argument. The findings of this study also bring back the importance of countries’ “political institutions” in terms of their epidemic-prevention performances.2023-10-25T01:36:19ZPublic participaticipation in making and implementing Foreign Policy: Taiwan-Indian Comparative studies
https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/148049
題名: Public participaticipation in making and implementing Foreign Policy: Taiwan-Indian Comparative studies2023-10-24T01:44:25ZEnvironmental Governance and Disaster Preparredness: Taiwan-Indian Comparative studies and the Prosspect of Collaboration
https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/148048
題名: Environmental Governance and Disaster Preparredness: Taiwan-Indian Comparative studies and the Prosspect of Collaboration2023-10-24T01:44:09Z經濟整合策略之發展與趨勢:東、西方模式的實證比較對話
https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/148047
題名: 經濟整合策略之發展與趨勢:東、西方模式的實證比較對話
摘要: 基於中美貿易戰和歐美至今仍對俄經濟制裁等國際現況發現,中、美競逐下,目前中、俄關係呈現合作式競合,且各強權多以主導經濟整合方式來提升自我的國際影響力。因此,專書寫作計畫選擇追蹤觀察「中、俄競合」解析兩國主導之經濟整合合作,如「上海合作組織」、「一帶一盟」等是否將發展為「東方經濟整合策略模式」,以及分析此發展趨勢對傳統由歐美主導的國際政經架構之挑戰。同時選擇「西方經濟整合策略模式」之典範 – 歐盟來進行「東、西方經濟整合策略模式」的實證經驗比較對話,冀圖透過「跨領域」的理論分析和具體研析經濟整合效益與非經濟整合效應之創新研究途徑,客觀地評估經濟整合策略的發展趨勢,以及探究「有效應用經濟整合和平競合」之理論與其實踐原則,以利世界經濟的成長發展和國際社會的和諧共存。此專書出版不但將豐富既有的相關理論,提供更多元的面向思考國際關係和國際政經社會的發展問題,發揮本研究之學術價值;亦將提升我國對「中、俄競合」、「國際經濟整合之發展和趨勢」、「歐盟」等議題的認知,以利正確地掌握國際政經環境的變遷,深具實務應用意義。; Based on the international current situation such as the Sino-US trade war and the European and American economic sanctions against Russia, we found that China and the United States are competing, but Sino-Russian relations are cooperating co-opetition, and most of international powers use handling economic integration to increase their influence. Therefore, the monograph study aims to analyze the cooperation of economic integration dominated by the two countries from observing “co-opetition between China and Russia”, such as whether the "Shanghai Cooperation Organization" and "One Belt and One Union" will develop into “the eastern model of economic integration strategy” and analyze the challenge of its development trends on the traditional international political and economic structure dominated by Europe and the United States. At the same time, the research choses the classic example of western model of economic integration strategy, that is European Union (EU), for empirical comparative dialogue between eastern and western models, aims to objectively assess the trend of economic integration strategies and conclude the theory and its practical principles of using effective integration strategy to benefit political, economic development and peaceful co-opetition by the innovative research approach of interdisciplinary analysis and analyzing the economic benefits and non-economic effects from integration. So, the monograph will not only enrich the existing relevant theories, provide more insights into the development of international relations with the academic value of research, but also help us to more understand “China-Russian co-opetition”, “the development and trend of international economic integration” and EU, etc., in order to correctly grasp the changes of the international political and economic environment, with practical application value.2023-10-24T01:44:00Z