安保法制と安倍談話－－日本の新しい外交アイデンティティの模索

Abstract

自2015 年春天起，迄夏天為止，在日本政治中存在兩個受到熱烈討論的議題。其一是，8 月時，安倍晉三首相發表戰後70 周年談話，就是所謂的安倍談話；其二是，擴大日本安全保障政策的活動範圍之安全保障關連法制（平和安全法制）。迄今，安倍首相於自民黨內，被認為是意識形態極其保守之政治家，然其作為首相，發表極為四平八穩的戰後70 年談話。尤有甚者，相較於由首相私人諮詢機關「安保法制懇」所建議的安保關連法制的草案內容，前述版本更為克制。事實上，這兩個議題相互連結。其修正戰後日本外交基本之吉田路線，揭示新國家認同。如果這兩項議題成功，安倍政府之對外政策將留名青史。

There have been two heated debates in Japanese politics since the spring season and last summer in 2015. First, Japan’s Prime Minister Shinzo Abe released the so-called Abe statement in August, marking 70th anniversary of the end of World War II. The other is Japan’s Security Bills (2015 Japanese military legislation) which allows extended defense and military operations overseas. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, leader of the Liberal Democratic Party, has long been considered conservative. However, as a prime minister, he released a cautious and firm statement on the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II. Moreover, compared to the initial draft of the Security Bills, the contents of security legislation advised by Prime Minister’s private advisory organ is even more restrained. The two issues are in fact connected as to revised the Yoshida Doctrine of Japan’s diplomacy after WWII, highlighting a new mode of national identity. If Abe administration successfully achieves these two goals, their diplomatic policy will leave a significant footprint in history.