國際合作的意義空間協商及其溢出效果：以中加關係為例

Abstract

國際合作的意義及空間協商以及溢出作用：以中加關係為例 （摘要） 本項研究計畫專注於國際合作的雙邊面向，檢視雙邊合作所涉及的意義及空間協商(meaning/spatial negotiations)過程以及其在特定政策範疇執行所產生該範疇合作之外的其他溢出效應(spill-over effects)。本計畫是以中加關係為例，運用從1970年雙邊建交前後到1990年代中後期的加拿大的官方解密檔案以及中國大陸相應文獻，探討加拿大如何藉由環境與發展領域上高等教育人才培育或公私部門人力資源培訓，對中國大陸環境治理及其他環境與發展以外領域產生何種效應。研究過程中，以社會建構論、新制度論等提供的「行動者的權力、利益與身分的可塑性」、「雙邊互動的意義與空間協商」或「行動者和制度結構的相互構成」等三大基本命題作為蒐集與分析資料的參考過濾架構(frame of reference)。 本計畫規劃分成兩個主要部分：第一階段將側重國際合作與意義/空間協商的理論探討以及中加1970年建交前後擴展雙邊關係、推動雙邊交流的種種嘗試；第二階段則以1980年代中期以來中加以環境或發展為雙邊合作主軸，特別是呈現在高等教育人才培育以及公私部門人力資源培訓議題上的意義與空間（項目範圍）協商，探討雙邊合作關係制度化如何影響中國大陸環境治理以及公私部門或知識社群如何看待利益、身份或對加國態度等溢出作用。

The Meaning and Spatial Negotiations of International Cooperation and Its Spill-over Effects: A Case of Sino-Canadian Relations (abstract) The research project aimed to focus on the bilateral aspect of international cooperation and to examine the meaning and spatial negotiations involved in international cooperation process as well as its spill-over effects on areas in addition to the specific domain. The project used Sino-Canadian Relations as illustration and, through 1970-1990s Canadian archival documents and corresponding Chinese sources on human resources cooperation on environment and development, explored how Canada made an impact on China’s environmental governance as well as domains outside the realm. It took serious some propositions derived from Social Constructivism and New Institutionalism and use them as “frame of reference” when collected and analyzed those archival materials. The project will involve two stages of research: first of all, the meaning and spatial negotiations in cooperation as well as the general picture of Sino-Canadian exchanges and various measures taken during post-1970 period; the second stage with a special focus on bilateral cooperation in environment and development mainly from the mid-1980s onward.