以微觀模擬探討多車道使用規則：對臺灣高速公路行車法規建言

Abstract

本論文藉由微觀模擬探討高速公路（或快速公路）之車道使用規則。我們比較三種規則：（1）對稱規則，車輛得選擇任一車道行車，並允許左側超車與右側超車；（2）非對稱規則，車輛僅能使用右側車道行車，並僅允許左側超車，完成超車之車輛須駛回右側車道繼續行車；（3）複合規則，車輛得選擇最左側車道以外之車道行車，而左側車道為超車道，於其上之車輛完成超車後須駛回相鄰之右側車道繼續行車。基礎構圖為比較之基準。模擬結果顯示非對稱規則使得總體流量提升。本論文之結果可作為法規修訂之參考。

Using microsimulation we investigate a set of lane-changing rules for highway traffic. We compare three types of lane-changing rules in terms of the fundamental diagram of traffic flow in multi-lane versions of the Nagel-Schreckenberg model: (1) the symmetric rule, in which overtaking is allowed on all lanes; (2) the asymmetric rule, in which overtaking is forbidden on the right; vehicles should use left-hand lanes to overtake but return to the right lane after overtaking when safety criteria are fulfilled; (3) the hybrid rule, in which the leftmost lane is the overtaking lane while other lanes are treated equally as in the symmetric rule; the hybrid rule differs from the asymmetric rule only when the total number of lanes is larger than two. The simulation results show that the overall traffic flow increases when the asymmetric rule of lane changes is applied, revealing the advantage of this type of overtaking regulations.