臺灣各行政區農業生產力與效率分析－ Fa ̈re-Primont生產力指數之應用

Abstract

本研究針對台灣本島與澎湖縣共20個行政區，取其自民國88年到105年的農牧業生產相關資料，進行生產力及效率分析。主要利用Fa ̈re-Primont總要素生產力效率指數(total factor productivity index, TFPI)及其拆解項，對台灣農牧業生產的各方面進行研究，分別為平均總要素生產力效率(total factor productivity efficiency, TFPE)及其拆解項結果、效率變動情形、交叉比較效率值與效率排名、技術與效率變動關係，最後再比較純農業與農牧業於生產效率的異同。\n實證結果如同一般大眾印象，中南部的農牧業生產效率是較為突出的，從平均TFPE及其拆解項結果可以發現，中長期的生產規模規劃能力對大部分行政區而言是個課題；效率變動情形則告訴我們，各行政區對產品組合的選擇都是較適當的，且農牧業生產技術於觀察期間有明顯進步；交叉比較效率值與排名更進一步印證了效率的相對概念；技術與效率變動關係則顯示，農牧業從業人員在面對技術進步時，生產對策的應對稍顯不足，導致技術變動與效率變動呈現負相關。最後純農業與農牧業生產效率比較的部分，除了發現嘉義市於純農業生產處在大幅領先的位置外，也發現大部分行政區的純農業生產效率是低於農牧業的。

The objective of this study is to assess productivity and efficiency of the agriculture sector across twenty districts in Taiwan during 1999 to 2016. For this, we use the Fa ̈re-Primont total factor productivity index (TFPI) to study all aspects of Taiwan`s agricultural production, including the total factor productivity efficiency (TFPE) and its components (OTE, OME, ROSE), and TFPI and its components (dTech, dOTE, dOME, dROSE). In addition, this study also investigates the relationship between technology and efficiency change.\nThe empirical results are like the general public impression. The production efficiency of agriculture in the south-central region is more prominent. From the average TFPE and its components, it can be found that the long-term production scale planning ability is a topic for most administrative districts; TFPI tells us that the choice of product portfolio is more appropriate in each administrative region, and the agricultural and livestock production technology has made significant progress during the observation period; the relationship of technology and efficiency changes shows that when the agricultural and livestock industry practitioners face technological progress, the response to production countermeasures is slightly insufficient, resulting in a negative correlation between technological changes and efficiency changes.