Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/127730
題名: 女性領導者如何成為轉換型領導者:領導者之認定整合與組織場域之性別線索多樣性研究
To be a transformational leader: the study of female leader’s identity integration and contextual cues
作者: 林玫綺
Lin, Mei-Chi
貢獻者: 郭建志
Kuo, Chien-Chih
林玫綺
Lin, Mei-Chi
關鍵詞: 認定威脅
轉換型領導
組織中的性別線索多樣性
主管忠誠
主管知覺心理安全感
Identity integration
Transformational leadership
Diversity of gender-related cues in the organization
Loyalty to supervisors
Supervisors’ perceived psychological safety
日期: 2019
上傳時間: 6-Dec-2019
摘要: Social congruity theory pointed out the great struggle for female leaders to fight against is the dilemma between the stereotypical gender role and leader prototype. The current study proposes a moderated mediation model to examine how female leader’s gender-manager identity integration (GMII), degree to which two social identities are perceived as compatible with or in opposition with each other, has its positive effect on helping them gain balance between the two possibly contradicting identities, and performing a blending leading style perceived by followers as transformational leadership. And in turn positively influences followers’ loyalty to supervisors. Further, according to interactionism in identity theory, diversity of gender-related cues in the organization has also been included in the model as it may strengthen the relationship between identity integration and transformational leadership and the overall mediation effect. Since little is known to the concrete behavioural pattern and mechanism of identity integration, the study not only contributes to the literature of identity integration, but also turns the table for female leaders in recognition of the advantage of combing the two social identities and fulfils the need of organizations calling for more transformational leaders in current trend. The current study acquired a sample of 32 managers and 87 employees. Though the results merely support the predicted relationship between GMII and transformational leadership, additional analysis focusing on the effect of identity integration within female leaders themselves found the interaction of GMII and gender-inclusive policies and practices have significant effect on elevating female managers’ perceived psychological safety.
參考文獻: Antonakis, J., Avolio, B. J., & Sivasubramaniam, N. (2003). Context and leadership: An examination of the nine-factor full-range leadership theory using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. The leadership quarterly, 14(3), 261-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(03)00030-4 Ashforth, B. E., Johnson, S. A., Hogg, M., & Terry, D. (2001). Which hat to wear. Social identity processes in organizational contexts, 32-48. Bakan, D. (1966). The duality of human existence: An essay on psychology and religion. Bass, & Avolio. (1995). MLQ multifactor leadership questionnaire: Mind Garden. Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2000). Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire: MLQ; Sampler Set; Technical Report, Leader Form, Rater Form, and Scoring Key for MLQ Form 5x-short: Mind Garden. Becker, T. E., Billings, R. S., Eveleth, D. M., & Gilbert, N. L. (1996). Foci and bases of employee commitment: Implications for job performance. Academy of management journal, 39(2), 464-482. https://doi.org/10.5465/256788 Bem, S. L. (1974). The measurement of psychological androgyny. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 42(2), 155-162. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0036215 Bem, S. L., & Lewis, S. A. (1975). Sex role adaptability: One consequence of psychological androgyny. Journal of personality and Social Psychology, 31(4), 634-643. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0077098 Benet-Martínez, V., Lee, F., & Leu, J. (2006). Biculturalism and cognitive complexity: Expertise in cultural representations. Journal of Cross-cultural psychology, 37(4), 386-407. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022106288476 Benet-Martínez, V., Leu, J., Lee, F., & Morris, M. W. (2002). Negotiating biculturalism: Cultural frame switching in biculturals with oppositional versus compatible cultural identities. Journal of Cross-cultural psychology, 33(5), 492-516. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022102033005005 Benet‐Martínez, V., & Haritatos, J. (2005). Bicultural identity integration (BII): Components and psychosocial antecedents. Journal of personality, 73(4), 1015-1050. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022106288476 Brenner, O., Tomkiewicz, J., & Schein, V. E. (1989). The relationship between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics revisited. Academy of Management Journal, 32(3), 662-669. https://doi.org/10.2307/256439 Brewer, M. B., & Gardner, W. (1996). Who is this" We"? Levels of collective identity and self representations. Journal of personality and Social Psychology, 71(1), 83-93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.71.1.83 Brislin, R. W. (1986). Research instruments. Field methods in cross-cultural research, 8, 137-164. Broverman, I. K., Vogel, S. R., Broverman, D. M., Clarkson, F. E., & Rosenkrantz, P. S. (1972). Sex‐role stereotypes: A current appraisal1. Journal of Social issues, 28(2), 59-78. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1972.tb00018.x Chen, Z. X., Tsui, A. S., & Farh, J. L. (2010). Loyalty to supervisor vs. organizational commitment: Relationships to employee performance in China. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 75(3), 339-356. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317902320369749 Cheng, B. S. (1995). Chinese CEO’s employee categorization and managerial behavior. In Symposium on Indigenous Behavior in Effective Management and Organizations, sponsored by the International Association of Applied Psychology, Guangzhou, China. Cheng, C.-Y., Sanchez-Burks, J., & Lee, F. (2007). Identity integration and innovation. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.973870 Cheng, C.-Y., Sanchez-Burks, J., & Lee, F. (2008a). Connecting the dots within: Creative performance and identity integration. Psychological Science, 19(11), 1178-1184. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02220.x Cheng, C.-Y., Sanchez-Burks, J., & Lee, F. (2008b). Taking advantage of differences: Increasing team innovation through identity integration. In Diversity and Groups (pp. 55-73): Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1534-0856(08)11003-9 Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. (1998). Charismatic leadership in organizations: Sage Publications. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452204932 Devine, P. G., & Monteith, M. J. (1999). Automaticity and control in stereotyping. Diekman, A. B., & Eagly, A. H. (2000). Stereotypes as dynamic constructs: Women and men of the past, present, and future. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 26(10), 1171-1188. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167200262001 Duehr, E. E., & Bono, J. E. (2006). Men, women, and managers: are stereotypes finally changing? Personnel Psychology, 59(4), 815-846. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2006.00055.x Eagly, A. H. (1987). Sex differences in social behavior: A social-role interpretation. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Eagly, A. H. (2007). Female leadership advantage and disadvantage: Resolving the contradictions. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 31(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2007.00326.x Eagly, A. H., & Carli, L. L. (2007). Through the labyrinth: The truth about how women become leaders: Harvard Business Press. Eagly, A. H., & Karau, S. J. (2002). Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. Psychological review, 109(3), 573-598. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-295x.109.3.573 Eagly, A. H., Makhijani, M. G., & Klonsky, B. G. (1992). Gender and the evaluation of leaders: A meta-analysis. Psychological bulletin, 111(1), 3-22. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.111.1.3 Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative science quarterly, 44(2), 350-383. https://doi.org/10.2307/2666999 Gergen, D. (2005). Women leading in the twenty-first century. Enlightened Power. Glaser, J., & Banaji, M. R. (1999). When fair is foul and foul is fair: Reverse priming in automatic evaluation. Journal of personality and Social Psychology, 77(4), 669-687. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.77.4.669 Gregersen, H. B. (1993). Multiple commitments at work and extrarole behavior during three stages of organizational tenure. Journal of business Research, 26(1), 31-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(93)90041-m Hackman, M. Z., Hills, M. J., Furniss, A. H., & Paterson, T. J. (1992). Perceptions of gender-role characteristics and transformational and transactional leadership behaviours. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 75(1), 311-319. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.75.1.311 Hall, G., Lopez, I., & Bansal, A. (2001). Academic acculturation. The intersection of race, class, and gender in multicultural counseling, 171-188. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452231846.n7 Heilman, M. E. (2001). Description and prescription: How gender stereotypes prevent women`s ascent up the organizational ladder. Journal of Social issues, 57(4), 657-674. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00234 Higgins, E. T. (1996). Knowledge activation: Accessibility, applicability, and salience. Hong, Y.-y., Morris, M. W., Chiu, C.-y., & Benet-Martinez, V. (2000). Multicultural minds: A dynamic constructivist approach to culture and cognition. American psychologist, 55(7), 709-720. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.7.709 House, R. J., & Howell, J. M. (1992). Personality and charismatic leadership. The leadership quarterly, 3(2), 81-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(92)90028-e Hughes, C. (2012). Gender, craft labour and the creative sector. International journal of cultural policy, 18(4), 439-454. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286632.2011.592187 Johnson, S. K., Murphy, S. E., Zewdie, S., & Reichard, R. J. (2008). The strong, sensitive type: Effects of gender stereotypes and leadership prototypes on the evaluation of male and female leaders. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 106(1), 39-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2007.12.002 Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724. https://doi.org/10.5465/256287 Kanter, R. M. (1977). Some effects of proportions on group life: Skewed sex ratios and responses to token women. American journal of Sociology, 82(5), 965-990. https://doi.org/10.1086/226425 Kanter, R. M. (1997). Rosabeth Moss Kanter on the frontiers of management: Harvard Business Press. Kark, R., & Shamir, B. (2002). The influence of transformaonal leadership on followers` relational versus collective self-concept. Paper presented at the Academy of management proceedings. Kark, R., Waismel-Manor, R., & Shamir, B. (2012). Does valuing androgyny and femininity lead to a female advantage? The relationship between gender-role, transformational leadership and identification. The leadership quarterly, 23(3), 620-640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.12.012 Koenig, A. M., Eagly, A. H., Mitchell, A. A., & Ristikari, T. (2011). Are leader stereotypes masculine? A meta-analysis of three research paradigms. Psychological bulletin, 137(4), 616-642. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023557 Korabik, K. (1990). Androgyny and leadership style. Journal of Business Ethics, 9(4-5), 283-292. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00380328 Lee, M. H. (1992). An explanation of the significance, influencing factors, and the results of behaviors of loyalty to organization: A case of middle and small enterprises in Taiwanese. unpublished Master`s thesis, Institute of Applied Psychology, Fu Ren University, Taiwan (in Chinese). Lipman-Blumen, J. (2000). Connective leadership: Managing in a changing world: Oxford University Press. Little, T. D., Cunningham, W. A., Shahar, G., & Widaman, K. F. (2002). To parcel or not to parcel: Exploring the question, weighing the merits. Structural equation modeling, 9(2), 151-173. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem0902_1 Lord, R. G., & Maher, K. J. (1993). Leadership and information processing: Linking perceptions and performance: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.2307/258827 McCauley, C. D. (2004). Successful and unsuccessful leadership. O`Reilly, C. A., & Chatman, J. (1986). Organizational commitment and psychological attachment: The effects of compliance, identification, and internalization on prosocial behavior. Journal of applied psychology, 71(3), 492-499. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.492 Paulhus, D. L., & Martin, C. L. (1988). Functional flexibility: A new conception of interpersonal flexibility. Journal of personality and Social Psychology, 55(1), 88-101. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.55.1.88 Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual review of psychology, 63, 539-569. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100452 Powell, G. N., & Butterfield, D. A. (1979). The “good manager”: Masculine or androgynous? Academy of Management Journal, 22(2), 395-403. https://doi.org/10.5465/255597 Powell, G. N., & Butterfield, D. A. (1989). The" Good Manager" Did Androgyny Fare Better in the 1980s? Group & Organization Studies, 14(2), 216-233. https://doi.org/10.1177/105960118901400209 Roccas, S., & Brewer, M. B. (2002). Social identity complexity. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 6(2), 88-106. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0602_01 Sacharin, V., Lee, F., & Gonzalez, R. (2009). Identities in Harmony: Gender—Work Identity Integration Moderates Frame Switching in Cognitive Processing. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 33(3), 275-284. https://doi.org/10.1177/036168430903300303 Schein, V. E. (1973). The relationship between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics. Journal of applied psychology, 57(2), 95-100. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0037128 Schein, V. E. (1975). Relationships between sex role stereotypes and requisite management characteristics among female managers. Journal of applied psychology, 60(3), 340-344. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076637 Schein, V. E., & Davidson, M. J. (1993). Think manager, think male. Management Development Review, 6(3), 24-28. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000000738 Spence, J. T., & Buckner, C. E. (2000). Instrumental and expressive traits, trait stereotypes, and sexist attitudes: What do they signify? Psychology of Women Quarterly, 24(1), 44-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2000.tb01021.x Stapel, D. A., & Winkielman, P. (1998). Assimilation and contrast as a function of context-target similarity, distinctness, and dimensional relevance. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 24(6), 634-646. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167298246007 Tajfel, H. (1981). Human groups and social categories: Studies in social psychology: CUP Archive. Vinkenburg, C. J., Van Engen, M. L., Eagly, A. H., & Johannesen-Schmidt, M. C. (2011). An exploration of stereotypical beliefs about leadership styles: Is transformational leadership a route to women`s promotion? The leadership quarterly, 22(1), 10-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.12.003 Wallen, A. S., Mor, S., & Devine, B. A. (2014). It’s about respect: Gender− professional identity integration affects male nurses’ job attitudes. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 15(3), 305-312. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033714 Yukl, G. (1999). An evaluation of conceptual weaknesses in transformational and charismatic leadership theories. The leadership quarterly, 10(2), 285-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(99)00013-2 Yukl, G., & Michel, J. W. (2006). Proactive influence tactics and leader member exchange. Power and influence in organizations, 87-103. Zhou, Y. H. (1983). The relationship between Chinese value system and managerial behaviors in large enterprises in Taiwan. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Institute of Business and Management, National Chengchi University, Taiwan (in Chinese).
描述: 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學系
106752005
資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106752005
資料類型: thesis
Appears in Collections:學位論文

Files in This Item:
File SizeFormat
200501.pdf2.06 MBAdobe PDF2View/Open
Show full item record

Google ScholarTM

Check

Altmetric

Altmetric


Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.