建模指標衡量財富公義性

Abstract

從1980 年開始，全球貧富差距漸趨顯著，所得位於頂端的富人其財富\n吸收快速，進而能大量投資，使得富人與一般百姓的財富差距越拉越大。\n除此之外，像物資通膨率的上漲速度快過於薪資的成長，若是收入不高的\n人民其可支配所得就下降了，導致難有多餘的錢可儲蓄或投資，因此想翻\n身成為富人是難上加難。\n本研究使用財政部財政資訊中心93 年至102 年之20∼30 歲申報資料，\n利用Python 對資料做出轉移矩陣後再使用我們定義的兩個指標(I_mask_v 和\nI_justice) 反映財富階級流動的情形，進而觀察台灣之社會公義性如何演變。\n多數文獻探討財富階級流動時，對財富價值只用5 等分到25 等分切分\n程度進行分析。而此次研究將提供數據佐證，在探討財富階級流動這一類\n的社會科學問題下要切70 等分至160 等分才能完整解釋，切太少或過多等\n分都可能影響到對財富公義性的詮釋。另外透過I_justice 也觀察出台灣在民\n國95∼96 年以及民國96∼97 年，當時的社會是比較公平。

Since 1980, the gap between the haves and have-nots\nhas become increasing\nsignificantly, the haves whose income at the top build wealth quickly and then can\ninvest heavily, making more gaps with people. Additionally, the increase of the\ninflation rate is faster than the growth of wages that result in a decline in disposable\nincome for people with low incomes, so they are difficult to have extra money to\nsave or invest, therefore, it is more difficult to up to the rich.\nFiscal Information Agency, Ministry of Finance provides the data which is\nabout 2004 to 2013 financial declaration of 20 to 30 year old\nindividual. Use\npython to sort out the data to make transition matrix and then with the two indicators\n(I_mask_v and I_justice) which is constructed in this research to response the mobility\nof wealth hierarchy and explore the evolution of the wealth justice.\nMost of the literature discuss issue about the mobility of wealth hierarchy,only\nuse 5 equal divisions to 25 equal divisions on the value of wealth and then to\ninterpret the wealth justice. But in this research ,we will provide data support\nthat want to fully explain on the social science problem of the mobility of wealth\nhierarchy, it is necessary to use 70 equal divisions to 160 equal divisions on the\nvalue of wealth. Too little or too many equal divisions may affect the interpretation\nof the wealth justice. In addition, we observed that from 2006 to 2007 and from\n2007 to 2008, I_justice points out that society was fair at the time.