學術寫作中名詞補語結構的立場名詞後置修飾語：基於語料庫的跨學科和跨文化研究

Abstract

學術寫作不僅是事實的陳述更是作者透過研究來表達個人觀點與立場。因此，作者如何表達立場才能說服讀者認同其主張，已成為學術寫作研究中的重要議題。許多研究已探討了在構建立場時語言使用的特徵，如模糊限制語、報導動詞、指示詞、時態等。但是，名詞補語結構中立場名詞的後置修飾語卻被相對忽視了。本研究採用了跨國跨領域語料庫和混合研究方法來考察這種結構的使用。本研究的目標是從以下三個方面闡釋目標結構在不同學科和文化背景下使用的差異：（1）其詞彙語法特徵，（2）其功能，以及（3）其使用的潛在動機。\n\n本研究自建語料庫包含600篇學術文章發表於英美和台灣與中國大陸的頂級期刊。為了跨領域對比後置修飾立場名詞補語，本資料庫所收集的學術文章分別來自於兩個學門：自然科學（化學、物理、生物）和社會科學（應用語言學、法律、經濟學）。透過推論統計方法，來確定不同學科領域和語言文化背景的學術作者在\n使用目標結構時的詞彙語法差異。本研究也採用定性分析的「功能分析架構」，以考察這些詞彙語法特徵發揮的功能在跨學科和跨文化方面的差異。此外，利用「潛在動機解釋模型」，探討不同學科領域和語言文化背景的作者使用該結構時的可能原因。研究結果表明，特定學科領域和民族文化在語言、修辭、策略和社會文化的實踐和結構存在差異。\n\n本研究透過跨文化、跨學科的語料對比，探討名詞補語結構的後置修飾語使用差異。本研究自建的語料庫方法與分析模型對於目前英語學術寫作在語料庫立場分析研究和跨文化跨領域言詞分析研究上有實質重要貢獻。

Academic writing is not simply concerned with the presentation of facts. In fact, academic writers tend to incorporate their own attitudes and judgements into the text. Thus, how to project an authorial stance that persuades readers of the writer`s claim has become a pivotal element in academic written discourse. Different linguistic features, such as hedges, reporting verbs, directives, tense, have been examined for the roles they play in stance-making practices. A relatively neglected means of stance expression, however, has been the post-modification of the stance noun in the Noun Complement construction (as common to many cell marking techniques in This procedure has the disadvantage common to many cell marking techniques that the cells selected for labelling need to be highly colchicine-resistant). This study employed a corpus-based and mixed-methods approach to examining the use of this structure. The three major goals of this study are to describe how the target structure is used across different disciplinary and cultural contexts in terms of (1) its lexico-grammatical features, (2) its functions, and (3) the underlying motivations behind its use.\n\nThe research in this study is based on a self-built corpus of 600 samples of published research articles from the journals based in the UK or US and in Taiwan or mainland China in two branches of the natural (chemistry, physics, biology) and social sciences (applied linguistics, law, economics). The inferential statistical methods were applied to identifying the variances in the lexico-grammatical features of the target structure between disciplinary fields and academic writers of different native languages and cultures (English and Chinese). For the qualitative analyses, an analytical framework for description of the post-modification functions in Noun Complement construction was developed to analyze the cross-disciplinary and cross-cultural differences in the functions served by these statistically significant lexico-grammatical features. An explanatory model of the underlying motivations behind different uses of the target structure was also constructed to reveal the reasons that underlie the ways in which writers from contrasting disciplinary fields and linguistic-cultural backgrounds use this structure differently. Results show that the variations in disciplinary and cultural uses of post-modification can be attributed to the various factors in the linguistic, rhetorical, relational, and socio-cultural dimensions of the practices and structures of the particular disciplinary fields and cultures.\n\nIn summary, this dissertation contributes to a better understanding of the Noun Complement construction in terms of its post-modification use from the cross-disciplinary and cross-cultural perspectives between the academic communities of the natural and social sciences in the native English countries and the Great China region. It also provides insight into pedagogical practice for new members of the Chinese disciplinary communities and into future research on the cross-disciplinary and cross-cultural use of Noun Complement construction in English academic writing.