環境政策與經濟成長

Abstract

環境保護可以與經濟成長兼顧嗎？本論文試圖回答這個問題。我們發展三個\r\n包含環境外部性的內生成長模型，透過不同管道來證明較嚴格的環境政策可能同\r\n時改善環境品質與促進經濟成長。更具體言之，在第二章中我們假設中間財廠商\r\n向國外以固定價格購買污染要素，此情況下環境政策將存在正的成長率效果；在\r\n第三章中我們考慮一個疊代內生成長模型，主張假如環境稅收移轉給年輕世代的\r\n部分很大，環境稅有可能提高經濟成長率；在第四章中我們證明當較好的環境品\r\n質會提高民眾儲蓄意願，提高環境稅可以促進經濟成長。本論文的主要結果與近\r\n二十年來崛起的文獻認為環境保護政策也可能有利經濟成長相一致。

Can environmental protection be compatible with economic growth? In this\r\ndissertation we attempt to answer this question. We develop three frameworks that\r\nincorporate the elements of endogenous growth and environmental externalities. We\r\nargue that, via different channels, implementing a tighter environmental policy could\r\nsimultaneously be beneficial to the environmental quality and the long-term economic\r\ngrowth rate. More specifically, in Chapter II we present the positive growth effect of\r\nenvironmental policies by assuming that the intermediate firms import the polluting\r\ninputs from abroad at a fixed price. In Chapter III, we consider an OLG framework\r\nand demonstrate that if the portion of tax revenues transferred to young generations is\r\nlarge, it is possible for an environmental tax to boost the growth rate. In Chapter IV,\r\nit is shown that when a cleaner environment can induce people more willing to save\r\nfor future consumption, increasing the environmental tax could stimulate growth.\r\nThe main findings of this dissertation join the literature advocating a beneficial\r\ngrowth effect of an environment protection policy in the last two decades.