「Noda」引起的結合性

Abstract

所謂「好的文章」，其中一個必要條件就是，這篇文章是一篇「容易閱讀的文章」。而支持著「容易閱讀」這個要素的最重要的條件就是「文章的連貫感」、也就是所謂的「結合性」。「結合性」是藉由一定的語言形式而被呈現出來的。做為一個值得用語言學的觀點來做分析的東西，本文即以關於於「ノ」「ノダ」「ノダッタ」之結合性的分析來做探討。首先，格助詞ノ在產生名詞句的時候，有「體言吸附性」的這樣一個性質，也就是說在ノ的修飾處會要求是名詞。因此，比起用言謂語句，體言謂語句比較有一貫感以及安定感。再者，如如「シャツのボタンの取れちゃっの」這樣的句子，其句末的ノ擁有「複製詞」的性質，意思是說以接在ノ前面的句子為基底，直接對句末的ノ做提示，保有「保存完整狀況的性質」。在補文標識ノ裡頭，相對於ノ所持有的「保存完整狀況的性質」，コ卜補文則持有「保存總括狀況的性質」。所謂的「ノダ」句就是把「完整狀況」用複製詞承接，之後用ダ做為一個句末文體，所提出的句子。有效的使用「ノダ」的話，對於結合性的運用有很大的幫助。因此，在文章最後的「ノダ」發揮著把之前的文章內容統合起來的功效，而「ノダッタ」則和「回想的タ」的功效相互作用著，可以說是一種給予文章一個終結的感覺。也就是說，把緊張感逐漸高漲的事態發展漸漸淡出的一種表現。

One of conditions of the so-called "good writing" is the easiness to read and it largely depends on unity of writing, that is, cohesion in writing. Cohesion appears in a certain form of language, and it must be linguistically analyzed. This paper will analyze the cohesion of "No", "Noda" and "Nodatta".First, the case particle "NO", as soon as it has made noun-phrase, demands the modified noun. We call it "NP-absorbity of NO". So NP-predicate gives more firmness and stability than VP-predicate.Next, "NO" at the end of sentence, like "Shatsu no botann no torechatta no", has "reservability of the whole situation". This sort of "N0" is the so-called copy word that pastes a sentence placed before "No" and presents it. This sort of "No" also works as a complementizer. Besides "No", "Koto" works as a complementizer too. "No" as a complementizer has "reservability of the whole situation", but "Koto" has "reservability of the summarized situation"."Noda sentence" takes the reservability of the whole situation using the copy word "No" (nominalization), and, adding "Da", makes a complete sentence. If we use cleverly "Noda", it will bring a considerable cohesion to writings. Therefore "Noda" at the end of the writing gives a tension to the whole writing. Otherwise "Nodatta" at the end of the writing, for the sake of the past-tense "Ta", makes readers ease the tension, as if a scene of movie is gradually fading out. Thus "Nodatta" gives a feel of ending to writings.