Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/98673| 題名: | 屏障的消逝：九年義務教育與婦女解放運動之於台灣追求世界級人力資源之影響 Raising the Barrier: Widening Participation, Female Emancipation and Taiwan’s Search for World-Class Human Resources |
作者: | 林布恩 Cherry, Brian |
貢獻者: | 周祝瑛 Chou Chuing Prudence 林布恩 Brian Cherry |
關鍵詞: | The 1968 Nine-Year Compulsory Education Policy Gender Equity Female Emancipation Human Resources The 1968 Nine-Year Compulsory Education Policy Gender Equity Female Emancipation Human Resources |
日期: | 2016 | 上傳時間: | 1-Jul-2016 | 摘要: | Gender inequality is a legacy of pre-modern societies which has proven remarkably durable throughout the world. In particular, the status of women in education and the workplace has always been that of second-class citizens, with little effort made to provide them with the same range of opportunities as males until comparatively recently in modern history. In Taiwan’s case, the cause of gender equity was given a considerable boost in 1968 by the Nine-Year Compulsory Education Policy (NYCEP) which, although it made no specific gender provision, levelled the playing field for girls in both further levels of education and in the workplace in a time of great social change. The contention of this study is that changes in the social status of working women are reflected in the roles they are able to adopt within their societies and that the increased proportion of Taiwanese women in the high-status profession of teaching is indicative of an increasingly positive social view of women as participants in society. This study aims to investigate the effects of the NYCEP on women’s participation in the teaching profession, using data on overall teacher numbers to show that it heralded an increasingly equitable employment environment for women in Taiwan. Gender inequality is a legacy of pre-modern societies which has proven remarkably durable throughout the world. In particular, the status of women in education and the workplace has always been that of second-class citizens, with little effort made to provide them with the same range of opportunities as males until comparatively recently in modern history. In Taiwan’s case, the cause of gender equity was given a considerable boost in 1968 by the Nine-Year Compulsory Education Policy (NYCEP) which, although it made no specific gender provision, levelled the playing field for girls in both further levels of education and in the workplace in a time of great social change. The contention of this study is that changes in the social status of working women are reflected in the roles they are able to adopt within their societies and that the increased proportion of Taiwanese women in the high-status profession of teaching is indicative of an increasingly positive social view of women as participants in society. This study aims to investigate the effects of the NYCEP on women’s participation in the teaching profession, using data on overall teacher numbers to show that it heralded an increasingly equitable employment environment for women in Taiwan. |
參考文獻: | Apple, M. W. (2013). Can Education Change Society? New York: Routledge.\nBailey, P. J. (2007). Gender and Education in China: Gender Discourses and Women`s Schooling in the Early Twentieth Century. London: Routledge.\nBecker, G. S. (2009). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education (3rd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.\nBishop, J. A., & Chiou, J.-R. (2004). Economic transformation and earnings inequality in China and Taiwan. Journal of Asian Economics, 15, 549–562.\nBray, M., Adamson, B., & Mason, M. (2014). Comparative Education Research: Approaches and Methods (2nd ed.). Hong Kong: Springer/The Comparative Education Research Centre, the University of Hong Kong.\nBrinton, M. C. (2001). Married Women`s Labour in East Asian Economies. In M. C. Brinton, Women`s Working Lives in East Asia (pp. 1-37). Redwood City, CA: Stanford University Press.\nChang, C.-C. (1991). The Nine-Year Compulsory Education Policy and the Development of Human Resources in Taiwan (1950-1990). University of Maryland Dissertation Services.\nChang, Y.-C., & Li, J.-C. A. (2011). Trends and Educational Differentials in Marriage Formation Among Taiwanese Women. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Population Research Center.\nChing, G., & Chou, P. C. (2012). Taiwan Education at the Crossroads: When Globalisation Meets Localisation (1st ed.). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.\nChisamya, G., DeJaeghere, J., Kendall, N., & Khan, M. A. (2011). Gender and Education for All: Progress and problems in achieving gender equity. International Journal of Educational Development, 32, 743–755.\nChou, B.-E. (1994). Changing Patterns of Women`s Employment in Taiwan, 1966-1986. In M. A. Rubinstein, The Other Taiwan: 1945 to the Present (pp. 328-352). Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.\nChou, P. C. (2004). 台 灣 教 育. Taipei: 中國教育.\nChowdhury, A. M., Nath, S. R., & Choudhury, R. K. (2002). Enrolment at primary level: gender difference disappears in Bangladesh. International Journal of Educational Development, 22, 191–203.\nCremer, H., Donder, P. D., & Pestieau, P. (2010). Education and social mobility. International Tax and Public Finance, 17, 357–377.\nDe Paola, M., Gioia, F., & Scoppa, V. (2015). Are females scared of competing with males? Results from a field experiment. Economics of Education Review, 48, 117-128.\nDiamond, N. (1979, July). Women and Industry in Taiwan. Modern China, 5(3), 317-340.\nFagerlind, I., & Saha, L. J. (1989). Education and National Development: A Comparative Perspective (2nd ed.). Oxford: Pergammon Press.\nFarris, C. S. (1994). Social Discourse on Women`s Roles in Taiwan. In M. A. Rubinstein, The Other Taiwan: 1945 to the Present (pp. 302-307). London: M.E. Sharpe.\nFields, G. S. (2007). Taiwan ’s Changing Employment and Earnings Structure. In J. S. Lee (Ed.), The labour market and economic development of Taiwan (pp. 36-58). Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.\nFitzsimmons, P. (2015). Human Capital Theory in Education. In M. Peters (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Educational Philosophy and Theory (pp. 331-4). Singapore.\nFuess, J. S., & Hou, J. (2009, June). Rapid Economic Development and Job Segregation: The Case of Taiwan. Journal of Family and Economic Issues.\nFwu, B.-J., & Wang, H.-H. (2002). The Social Status of Teachers in Taiwan. Comparative Education, 38(2), 211-224.\nGillies, D. (2012). State Education as High-Yield investment: Human Capital Theory in European Policy Discourse. Journal of Pedagogy, 2(2), 224-245.\nGillies, D. (2015). Human Capital Theory in Education. In M. A. Peters (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Educational Philosophy and Theory (pp. 1-5). Singapore: Springer.\nHalsey, A. (1992). Access to Higher Education. In D. Phillips (Ed.), Lessons of Cross-National Comparison in Education (pp. 11-36). Wallingford, Oxfordshire: Cambridge University Press.\nHollingshead, A. B. (2011). Four Factor Index of Social Status. Yale Journal of Sociology, 8, 21-52.\nHuang, H.-L. (2016). State control vs. the market mechanism: Taiwan`s experience with teacher education. In S.-K. Yang, & J.-L. Huang, Teacher Education in Taiwan: State Control vs Marketization (pp. 260-274). London: Routledge.\nHyder, A., & Behrman, J. R. (2014, June). Female economic activity in Rural Malawi. Journal for Development and Leadership, 3(1), 1–10.\nKan, K. (2010). The Impact of Education on Mortality: Evidence from a Compulsory Education Reform. Taipei: Academia Sinica.\nKennedy, H. (1997). Learning Works: Widening Participation in Further Education. London: The Further Education Funding Council.\nKosack, S. (2012). The Education of Nations. New York: Oxford University Press.\nKubow, P. K., & Fossum, P. R. (2007). Comparative Education: Exploring Issues in International Context (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson.\nLavy, V. (2012, June). GENDER DIFFERENCES IN MARKET COMPETITIVENESS IN A REAL WORKPLACE: EVIDENCE FROM PERFORMANCE-BASED PAY TOURNAMENTS AMONG TEACHERS. The Economic Journal, 123, 540–573.\nLo, J.-J., Hung, C.-c., & Liu, S.-t. (2002). An analysis of teacher education reform in Taiwan since 1994 and its potential impact on the preparation of mathematics teachers at the elementary school level. International Journal of Educational Research, 37, 145–159.\nMallinson, V. (1961). An Introduction to the Study of Comparative Education (2nd ed.). London: The Whitefriars Press Ltd.\nMinistry of Education, Republic of China (Taiwan). (2015(b), 12 17). 2015 Education Statistical Indicators. Retrieved from Education Statistical Indicators: http://english.moe.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=14504&CtNode=11430&mp=1\nMinistry of Education, Republic of China (Taiwan). (2015a, 04 20). Statistics (Chinese/English). Retrieved 04 22, 2015, from https://stats.moe.gov.tw/files/main_statistics/seriesdata.xls\nMyers, R. H., & Peattie, M. R. (1984). The Japanese Colonial Empire, 1895-1945. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.\nNational Statistical Bureau. (2014). Average Age at First Marriage of Married Women Aged 15 Years and Over. Retrieved from National Statistics, Republic of China (Taiwan): http://eng.stat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=37195&CtNode=1662&mp=5\nOxford Dictionaries. (2016). The Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved from http://www.oed.com/#\nParish, W. L., & Willis, R. J. (1993). Daughters, Education, and Family Budgets Taiwan Experiences. THE JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCES, 28(4), 863-898.\nPeng, T., & Wang, T.-W. (2005). Women in Taiwan: Social status, education and employment. In C. S. Granrose, Employment of Women in Chinese Cultures: Half the Sky (pp. 84-106). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.\nRepublic of China Statistical Bureau. (2015, May 09). POPULATION AND HOUSING. Retrieved from Yearly Statistics: http://eng.stat.gov.tw/public/data/dgbas03/bs2/yearbook_eng/y008.csv\nRostow, W. (1959). The Stages of Economic Growth. The Economic History Review, 12(1), 1-16.\nSchultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in Human Capital. The American Economic Review, 51(1), 1-17.\nShu, Y.-M. (2016). Teacher Education Policy and Policy Direction in Taiwan. In S.-K. Yang, & J.-L. Huang, Teacher Education in Taiwan: State Control Vs Marketization (pp. 42-66). Abingdon: Routledge.\nSpohr, C. A. (2003). Formal schooling and workforce participation in a rapidly developing economy: evidence from “compulsory” junior high school in Taiwan. Journal of Development Economics 70, 291-327.\nStatistical Bureau. (2014). Statistical Analysis. Retrieved from National Statistics Republic of China: http://eng.stat.gov.tw/lp.asp?ctNode=1628&CtUnit=778&BaseDSD=7\nSun, T., & Lee, C. (1971, April). Birth control experience in Taiwan. Contraception, 3(4), 241-260.\nThe Republic of China. (1965). The Republic of China`s fourth four-year plan for economic development of the province of Taiwan, 1965-1968. Taiwan, Republic of China: Council for International Economic Cooperation and Development.\nTsai, W.-J., Liu, J.-T., Chou, S.-Y., & Thornton, R. (2009). Does educational expansion encourage female workforce participation? A study of the 1968 reform in Taiwan. Economics of Education Review, 28, 750-758.\nUNESCO. (2000). The Dakar Framework for Action. Retrieved from World Education Forum 2000: http://www.unesco.org/education/wef/en-conf/dakframeng.shtm\nUNESCO. (2016). The Right to Education. Retrieved May 18, 2016, from http://www.unesco.org/new/en/right2education\nWolf, M. (1972). Women and the Family in Rural Taiwan. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.\nYau, J.-l. C. (2015). The Representation of Teachers in Taiwanese Children’s Literature, 1960–2012. Children’s Literature in Education, 46, 308–324.\nYu, W.-H. (2005, November). Changes in Women`s Postmarital Employment in Japan and Taiwan. Demography, 42(4), 693-717.\nYu, W.-H. (2015, 09 14). Women and Employment in Taiwan. Retrieved from Brookings: http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2015/09/14-women-employment-taiwan#ftn4\n中華民國行政院. (2015). 開放陸生來臺及承認大陸學歷. Retrieved 12 17, 2015, from http://www.ey.gov.tw/policy5/News_Content.aspx?n=CA60F31A88AF3736&s=79DBE3E74CCCC15E\n臺灣總督府總督官房文書課. (1900). 公學校（╳ハ女△ハ內地人). Retrieved 04 23, 2015, from http://tcsd.lib.ntu.edu.tw/record.php?DataId=S0000697&Access_Num=50524 | 描述: | 碩士 國立政治大學 亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS) 103926023 |
資料來源: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1039260232 | 資料類型: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | 學位論文 |
Files in This Item:
| File | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 023201.pdf | 2.59 MB | Adobe PDF2 | View/Open |
Google ScholarTM
Check
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.