九年級生使用英語電子繪本之可供性探究 - 以新北市一所私立中學為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討九年級學生對於在英文課使用英語電子繪本的看法。本研究不僅探索學習者在閱讀英語電子繪本學習過程中認定的可供性，並縱向觀察學習者在時間軸下的英文認知和情意面項變化以及探究造成此變化背後原因，藉此以期盼提出適切的應用方法。\n 本研究採用質性個案研究。研究對象為新北市某私立中學兩名九年級學生。這兩名個案學生就讀研究者某一任教班級。教學研究者運用英語電子繪本為媒介進行每月一次為期四個月的閱讀課程。每次英文閱讀課程先後分成兩部分：（1）分享閱讀，教學者分別運用不同程度的多媒體英語電子繪本進行閱讀教學活動。（2）廣泛閱讀，教學者依照不同多媒體程度，提供學習者相關電子網站，讓學習者能自選閱讀材料。研究者透過問卷、半結構式訪談、刺激回憶法、自我回饋表、課室錄影觀察等蒐集資料。\n 研究結果顯示學習者藉由與教學者互動、與同儕互動、與閱讀材料和評量互動增進英語電子繪本教學閱讀。透過此三種可供性相互作用下，讓學習者在認知面向（包括聲韻覺識、聽覺衝擊、字彙建構、閱讀理解、跨界讀寫能力）以及情意面向（包含興趣、動機、自信和自主性）助於英語學習。雖然閱讀中不同多媒體程度的電子繪本帶給學習者在認知以及情意面相皆有正向及負向變化過程，但三項可供性仍持續運作並促進英語學習。因此本研究建議在課堂帶領學生運用英語電子繪本教學時，教學者須注意提供學習者鷹架後，視學生學習情形而轉換教學角色，讓學習者能自主閱讀與學習。此外，教學者須提供學習者更多課堂時間自我閱讀，並且可依造學習者英文能力和學習態度調整其座位。再者，教學者可活絡教學活動，增加使用英語電子繪本教學方法，例如小組討論、競賽遊戲、角色扮演、讀者劇場、戲劇演出等。此外，建議教學者能融入英語教學課程規劃，讓學習者能利用正規課堂更充裕時間去浸潤在英語電子繪本內學習英文，並提供貼近學生真實生活和程度的英語電子繪本，增加學生英文閱讀與學習機會。最後，本研究亦提供教師教學現場以及未來研究方向之建議。

This research aims to investigate how the ninth graders’ perspectives towards the implementation of English electronic picture books in English class. In particular, it explores not only the affordance perceived by learners in the process of reading electronic English picture books but also observes learners’ cognitive and affective changes of English learning across time.\n Adopting a qualitative case study design, this research recruited two Taiwanese male ninth graders from one class in a private high school in New Taipei City taught by the teacher researcher. This class was taught how to read electronic picture books once a month for four months. Every reading class was divided into two parts: (1) in shared reading, the instructor guided reading through employing an electronic English picture book with distinct levels of multimedia features (a total of four picture books were used); (2) in extensive reading, the instructor provided leaners with websites where there were different electronic English picture books for learners to choose so that they could read materials autonomously. The data collected for the research included questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, stimulated recalls, student written feedback, and classroom observations.\n The important findings are listed as follows. First, learners’ English was facilitated through interaction with the instructor, the peers, and the reading materials and assessment. Second, through the interdependent function of the three affordances, learners have changed in the presence of cognitive domain (phonological awareness, auditory impact, lexical development, and trans-literacy) and affective domain (interest, motivation, confidence and autonomy). Although there were positive and negative changes in the reading process of the implementation of electronic English picture books with different multimedia levels, the three affordances functioned consistently, fostering English learning. \n Based on the research findings, six pedagogical suggestions are provided. First, the two participants advised to incorporate electronic picture books English reading into English curriculum so that learners would have more chances for being immersed in electronic English picture books when learning English in regular courses. Second, it is necessary for instructors to provide learners with electronic English picture books close to their real life and corresponding to their levels, which is helpful in increasing learners’ opportunities of English reading and learning as well. Third, the instructors were advised to change their roles according to learners’ learning conditions. Fourth, the instructors should provide learners more self-reading time in class. Fifth, they could arrange seats according to leaners’ English proficiency and learning attitude. Sixth, the instructors could activate teaching activities with electronic English picture books, such as small-group discussions, competitions, role-play, reader’s theater, and dramas.