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題名 探討焦慮症之神經行為機制：以抬高式T形迷津之動物模式為例 作者 張雅惠
Chang, Yea-Huey貢獻者 廖瑞銘
Liao, Ruey-Ming
張雅惠
Chang, Yea-Huey關鍵詞 抬高式T形迷津
血清張力素
邊緣系統
中腦多巴胺系統
制約害怕
elevated T maze
serotonin
limbic system
midbrain dopamine system
conditioned fear日期 2004 上傳時間 11-Sep-2009 16:00:16 (UTC+8) 摘要 雖然焦慮是一種普遍存在之情感性心智活動，迄今仍無充份解釋之實證資料。本研究主要是利用一種焦慮症相關的動物模式，即抬高式T形迷津，探討與焦慮症有關的神經行為機制。整部研究分兩大實驗，分別探討抬高式T形迷津的行為建構動力與破壞依核次級區域在抬高式T形迷津或其他焦慮作業上之行為表現。在實驗一檢驗抬高式T形迷津的行為內涵方面，共有四個實驗：實驗一A探討抬高式T形迷津抑制性躲避行為是否呈現消除現象；實驗一B探討破壞制約害怕神經網路對抬高式T形迷津之抑制性躲避行為的影響，並檢測自發性運動量的改變是否造成干擾效果；實驗一C探討事前暴露經驗對脫逃行為的意義；實驗一D檢測脫逃及抑制性躲避實驗程序互相干擾之可能性。實驗二探討可能涉及抬高式T形迷津或其他焦慮作業的神經機制，針對破壞依核次級區域對焦慮行為的影響進行檢測。此部分包含三個實驗，實驗二A探討依核次級區域受損對傳統焦慮動物模式抬高式十字迷津行為的影響；實驗二B採用已在實驗一建立行為效度的抬高式T形迷津，檢驗破壞依核次級區域後的迷津行為表現，並檢驗依核次級區域受損是否影響受試自發性運動量變化，以致干擾抬高式T形迷津的行為表現。另為深入探討依核的功能角色，實驗二C利用其他嫌惡作業測試破壞依核次級區域對制約躲避電擊行為的影響。實驗一結果顯示抑制性躲避行為是一包含制約害怕及探索行為等多重歷程的行為模式，而脫逃行為對情緒狀態的改變不敏感，且易受抑制性躲避作業的影響。實驗二發現破壞依核殼區同時減抑受試在抬高式十字迷津的危機評估行為、抬高式T形迷津之抑制性躲避行為及制約躲避電擊行為；而破壞依核核區的減抑效果僅見於抬高式T形迷津與制約躲避電擊作業。三個嫌惡作業的結果顯示依核核區與殼區皆涉及制約害怕歷程，但兩區的受損會表現不同焦慮行為，並在抬高式十字迷津之危機評估行為中表現出來。綜合上述二大部分實驗結果，本研究對抬高式T形迷津的行為內涵有更進一步的瞭解，並特別藉依核次級區域破壞的行為測試資料，推估中腦多巴胺系統與傳統理論所指邊緣系統在實證性解釋焦慮具同樣關鍵角色。
Although anxiety is a well-recognized affective mental reaction, its phenomenon is not fully characterized by the empirical data. By employing a recently developed animal model named the elevated T maze (ETM), the present study investigated the neurobehavioral mechanisms of anxiety. There were two major parts of experiments designed to respectively examine the validity of this task and the involvement of limbic related areas on anxious behavior. Regarding the first part of experiments, Experiment 1A examined the effects of extinction on the inhibitory avoidance of ETM; Experiment 1B evaluated the lesions of six limbic related areas on the measures of inhibitory avoidance and escape; Experiment 1C investigated how pre-exposure experience of stress would affect the ETM behavior; Experiment 1D tested the potential affectiveness derived from different sequences of the test procedure on EMT. The second part of experiments mainly focused on comparing the lesion effects of nucleus accumbens subareas (core and shell) on behavioral measures from three anxiety-related tasks. Elevated plus maze, ETM, and active avoidance were adopted respectively in the experiments of 2A, 2B, and 2C. Results of the first part of experiments indicated 1) inhibitory avoidance of ETM containing fear conditioning and exploration components, and 2) less sensitivity to experimental manipulation for the escape of ETM. In the second part of experiments, the shell lesion significant attenuated the risk assessment behavior of elevated plus maze and inhibitory avoidance of ETM and active avoidance tasks, whereas the core lesion only produced the latter part of impairment. Both core and shell subareas are thus inferred to be involved in the conditioned avoidance, and lesions of these two areas may exert different patterns of anxious behavior. Together, the present study further characterized behavioral components of ETM. With a more systemic work in comparing lesion data of nucleus accumbens over three anxiety-related tasks, it is then suggested that the midbrain dopamine system is as crucial as the traditionally-known limbic system the traditional in terms of providing empirical explanation for the anxiety.參考文獻 中文部分
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國立政治大學
心理學研究所
87752501
93資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0877525011 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 廖瑞銘 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Liao, Ruey-Ming en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 張雅惠 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chang, Yea-Huey en_US dc.creator (作者) 張雅惠 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Chang, Yea-Huey en_US dc.date (日期) 2004 en_US dc.date.accessioned 11-Sep-2009 16:00:16 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 11-Sep-2009 16:00:16 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 11-Sep-2009 16:00:16 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0877525011 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/29671 - dc.description (描述) 博士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 心理學研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 87752501 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 93 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 雖然焦慮是一種普遍存在之情感性心智活動，迄今仍無充份解釋之實證資料。本研究主要是利用一種焦慮症相關的動物模式，即抬高式T形迷津，探討與焦慮症有關的神經行為機制。整部研究分兩大實驗，分別探討抬高式T形迷津的行為建構動力與破壞依核次級區域在抬高式T形迷津或其他焦慮作業上之行為表現。在實驗一檢驗抬高式T形迷津的行為內涵方面，共有四個實驗：實驗一A探討抬高式T形迷津抑制性躲避行為是否呈現消除現象；實驗一B探討破壞制約害怕神經網路對抬高式T形迷津之抑制性躲避行為的影響，並檢測自發性運動量的改變是否造成干擾效果；實驗一C探討事前暴露經驗對脫逃行為的意義；實驗一D檢測脫逃及抑制性躲避實驗程序互相干擾之可能性。實驗二探討可能涉及抬高式T形迷津或其他焦慮作業的神經機制，針對破壞依核次級區域對焦慮行為的影響進行檢測。此部分包含三個實驗，實驗二A探討依核次級區域受損對傳統焦慮動物模式抬高式十字迷津行為的影響；實驗二B採用已在實驗一建立行為效度的抬高式T形迷津，檢驗破壞依核次級區域後的迷津行為表現，並檢驗依核次級區域受損是否影響受試自發性運動量變化，以致干擾抬高式T形迷津的行為表現。另為深入探討依核的功能角色，實驗二C利用其他嫌惡作業測試破壞依核次級區域對制約躲避電擊行為的影響。實驗一結果顯示抑制性躲避行為是一包含制約害怕及探索行為等多重歷程的行為模式，而脫逃行為對情緒狀態的改變不敏感，且易受抑制性躲避作業的影響。實驗二發現破壞依核殼區同時減抑受試在抬高式十字迷津的危機評估行為、抬高式T形迷津之抑制性躲避行為及制約躲避電擊行為；而破壞依核核區的減抑效果僅見於抬高式T形迷津與制約躲避電擊作業。三個嫌惡作業的結果顯示依核核區與殼區皆涉及制約害怕歷程，但兩區的受損會表現不同焦慮行為，並在抬高式十字迷津之危機評估行為中表現出來。綜合上述二大部分實驗結果，本研究對抬高式T形迷津的行為內涵有更進一步的瞭解，並特別藉依核次級區域破壞的行為測試資料，推估中腦多巴胺系統與傳統理論所指邊緣系統在實證性解釋焦慮具同樣關鍵角色。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Although anxiety is a well-recognized affective mental reaction, its phenomenon is not fully characterized by the empirical data. By employing a recently developed animal model named the elevated T maze (ETM), the present study investigated the neurobehavioral mechanisms of anxiety. There were two major parts of experiments designed to respectively examine the validity of this task and the involvement of limbic related areas on anxious behavior. Regarding the first part of experiments, Experiment 1A examined the effects of extinction on the inhibitory avoidance of ETM; Experiment 1B evaluated the lesions of six limbic related areas on the measures of inhibitory avoidance and escape; Experiment 1C investigated how pre-exposure experience of stress would affect the ETM behavior; Experiment 1D tested the potential affectiveness derived from different sequences of the test procedure on EMT. The second part of experiments mainly focused on comparing the lesion effects of nucleus accumbens subareas (core and shell) on behavioral measures from three anxiety-related tasks. Elevated plus maze, ETM, and active avoidance were adopted respectively in the experiments of 2A, 2B, and 2C. Results of the first part of experiments indicated 1) inhibitory avoidance of ETM containing fear conditioning and exploration components, and 2) less sensitivity to experimental manipulation for the escape of ETM. In the second part of experiments, the shell lesion significant attenuated the risk assessment behavior of elevated plus maze and inhibitory avoidance of ETM and active avoidance tasks, whereas the core lesion only produced the latter part of impairment. Both core and shell subareas are thus inferred to be involved in the conditioned avoidance, and lesions of these two areas may exert different patterns of anxious behavior. Together, the present study further characterized behavioral components of ETM. With a more systemic work in comparing lesion data of nucleus accumbens over three anxiety-related tasks, it is then suggested that the midbrain dopamine system is as crucial as the traditionally-known limbic system the traditional in terms of providing empirical explanation for the anxiety. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………i 英文摘要……………………………………………………………………ii 目錄…………………………………………………………………………iii 附表目錄……………………………………………………………………v 附圖目錄……………………………………………………………………vi 第一章、緒論 一、焦慮症之定義.............................................................1 二、焦慮症之神經藥理學研究.............................................................5 三、焦慮症之理論與神經生理研究............................................................11 四、焦慮症之動物模式............................................................16 五、抬高式T形迷津............................................................23 六、依核與焦慮症的關係............................................................36 七、研究目的............................................................42 第二章、研究方法 一、受試............................................................44 二、儀器............................................................44 三、藥物............................................................45 四、顱內插管埋植手術與藥物顱內注射............................................................46 五、腦部破壞手術............................................................47 六、組織學檢驗.. .........................................................48 七、統計方法............................................................48 第三章、實驗一 實驗一A、抬高式T形迷津之消除歷程探討............................................................50 實驗步驟 ...........................................................51 實驗結果............................................................52 討論............................................................54 實驗一B、破壞制約害怕神經網路對抬高式T形迷津行為之影響............................................................56 實驗步驟............................................................56 實驗結果............................................................57 討論............................................................60 實驗一C、事前暴露效果對抬高式T形迷津之脫逃行為的影響............................................................62 實驗步驟............................................................62 實驗結果............................................................63 討論............................................................64 實驗一D、實驗程序互相干擾之可能性檢驗............................................................64 實驗步驟............................................................65 實驗結果............................................................66 討論............................................................67 實驗一結論............................................................68 第四章、實驗二 實驗二A、破壞依核次級區域對抬高式十字迷津行為之影響............................................................71 實驗步驟............................................................72 實驗結果............................................................72 討論............................................................73 實驗二B、破壞依核次級區域對抬高式T形迷津行為之影響............................................................74 實驗步驟............................................................75 實驗結果............................................................75 討論............................................................77 實驗二C、破壞依核次級區域對制約躲避電擊行為的影響............................................................79 實驗步驟............................................................79 實驗結果............................................................80 討論............................................................80 實驗二結論............................................................82 第五章、綜合討論與結論….……………………………………………….84 參考文獻…………………..…………………………………………………89 附表………………………………………………………………………..108 附圖…................……………………………………………....113 zh_TW dc.language.iso en_US - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0877525011 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 抬高式T形迷津 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 血清張力素 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 邊緣系統 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中腦多巴胺系統 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 制約害怕 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) elevated T maze en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) serotonin en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) limbic system en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) midbrain dopamine system en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) conditioned fear en_US dc.title (題名) 探討焦慮症之神經行為機制：以抬高式T形迷津之動物模式為例 zh_TW dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部分 zh_TW dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 沈映伶（2001）。探討大腦前額葉皮質在單次高台壓力引發場地制約偏好現象中的角色。國立政治大學心理學系碩士論文。 zh_TW dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 林建佑與廖瑞銘（2003）。鋰鹽去除酬賞價值程序對兩種標誌系統空間行為的影響。中華心理學刊，45，243-262。 zh_TW dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 張雅惠與廖瑞銘（2005）。 檢測抬高式T形迷津的焦慮源。中華心理學刊，47， 127-138。 zh_TW dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 英文部分 zh_TW dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aggleton, J. 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