海德格事實生命的現象學與根本學的理念：以《戰時緊迫學期講稿》

Abstract

本文試圖藉由海德格最早的弗萊堡講稿〈哲學的理念與世界觀問題〉(1919)，來探索一個理解海德格思想的場所。在這個講稿裏面，我們可以找到海德格哲學的根本意向及其自身哲學的出發點。這份講稿的重點在重新界定「哲學的本質」，藉由與傳統思想的對話，探尋一個現象學的方法，以深入生命的根柢，哲學在這個意義下，是從生命根柢而來的思想。終其一生，我們都可以在海德格的哲學思想中，找到這個生命哲學的傾向。本文的目的即在澄清這個思路。

In this paper I intend to clarify a fundamental aspect of Heidegger’s earliest Freiburg lecture courses “The Idea of Philosophy and the Problem of Worldview” (1919). In this lecture courses we can find the primal intention of his thought, and the beginning of his own philosophy. The main intention of this lecture courses consists in showing the true essence of philosophy and his searching of a way to this philosophy, which is characterized as a phenomenological method. Thought a dialogue with the philosophical trends of his times Heidegger comes to the conclusion that philosophy is not a theoretical attitude but a living way that is able to reach the bottom of life. Philosophy is therefore a thinking from this bottom. As we can see from the latter development of his journey of thought Heidegger is consistently trying to establish his own phenomenological method from this insight.