夢醒之間：海德格與此在分析的「釋夢詮釋學」之探究

Abstract

從佛洛伊德開始，釋夢學與夢工作已逐漸成為心理治療領域重要的一部份，釋夢詮釋學則是對釋夢學與夢工作的哲學反思之學。本文旨在探究海德格與此在分析學派的釋夢詮釋學。本文分三部份：先從梅塔波斯對佛洛伊德夢理論的批評，了解此在分析與精神分析釋夢理論的根本差異。繼而呈現海德格的釋夢哲學提示，以了解此在分析釋夢理論的哲學基礎。最後從五個子題闡釋梅塔波斯的釋夢詮釋學：1、現象學此在分析的釋夢方法與意義；2、「此在」：夢醒的主體性；3、夢境與醒境的本質差異；4、夢境與醒境的實存心理關連性；5、「緣發境遇」：夢醒的終極真實性。

Beginning with Sigmund Freud, oneirology (the study of dreams) and dream-work have become one important part of psychotherapy. The hermeneutics of oneirology is the science of the philosophical interpretation of oneirology and dream-work. The aim of this paper is to examine the hermeneutics of the oneirology of Heidegger and Daseinsanalysis. The paper consists of three parts: first, we outline Medard Boss’s critique of Freud’s theory of dreams, in order to explain the basic differences between the dream theories of Daseinsanalysis and of psychoanalysis. Second, we describe Heidegger’s philosophical interpretation of dream, in order to understand the philosophical basis of the hermeneutics of oneirlogy in Daseinsanalysis. Finally, five aspects of Medard Boss’s hermeneutics of oneirology are investigated: (1) the goal and methods of the phenomenological-daseinsanalytical interpretation of dreams; (2) “Dasein”: the subjectivity of sleep and wakefulness; (3) the qualitative difference between dream and wakefulness; (4) the existential-mental connection between dream and wakefulness; and (5) “happening”: the ultimate reality of dream and wakefulness.