哲學、人文與世界——論述梅洛龐蒂思想中「藝術」與「世界風格」

Abstract

本論文是從一個跨文化哲學的視角來闡明梅洛龐蒂思想中「藝術」與「世界風格」的關聯，談論取自歐洲和中國藝術傳承的一些例證。按照梅洛龐蒂的美學、文化、藝術的遺產是我們身處之周遭環境，也就是「世界」的「形態」或「風格」。透過身體運動及感官知覺，也憑藉所有藝術創作，當人面臨他者和世界時，人即在塑形、構造一個「世界風格」。因此，所謂的世界，並不是自然科學、物理學所預設的獨立存有者，而是藉由人文創作活動所完成的「世界形態」。

This essay elucidates the relation between “art” and “style of the world” in Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s thought from the stance of transcultural philosophy. Then it discusses some examples taken from both European and Chinese art history. According to Merleau-Ponty’s aesthetics, culture and the arts make up for the environment in which we live, i. e. for our world’s “gestalt” and “style”. By means of body movement as well as sense perception, but also through artistic creation, in his encounter with the other and the world, man creates a “style of the world”. Thus the so-called world is not that very independent being natural sciences claim it to be but rather a “gestalt of the world” brought about by human creativity.