APEC電子資料隱私保護原則分析

Abstract

網際網路與電子通訊科技的發展帶來了極大的社會與經濟利益。另一方面，對於這些科技的利用，則使得個人不易維護其包括個人屬性、個人資料、通訊內容、匿名在內的「資訊隱私權」。資訊隱私保護需在著重於保護個人隱私資訊的同時，亦確保個人資訊藉著科技流通的自由。APEC 隱私保護架構（APEC Privacy Framework）正是為了確保亞太地區間資訊的自由流動和保護亞洲經濟發展，並提升資訊隱私保護的重要工具。主要指導原則包含預防損害、告知、蒐集限制、個人資料之完整性、安全管理、查閱和更正與責任等七項原則。本文說明了APEC 隱私保護原則之執行作法，在台灣電子商務之執行成效，亦分析APEC 隱私保護原則之利弊，並介紹其他組織之隱私保護原則做法。目前許多跨國性的組織提出可供遵循的自律原則，推動信賴標章之作法，將對建構全世界電子商務良性發展的環境，推進至一個更新的里程碑。

The development of internet and electronic communication brings forth great social and economic benefits. The technology application invades personal information privacy, including privacy of a person’s persona, privacy of data of a person, privacy of a person’s communication, and anonymity. The information privacy protection stresses on the protection of personal privacy information and of the unrestricted circulation of personal information. APEC Privacy Framework aims to secure the unrestricted information circulation, economic development in Asia, and enhance the information privacy protection. The principles of the APEC Privacy Framework are: preventing harm, notice, collection limitations, integrity of personal information, security safeguards, access and correction, accountability. The paper elaborates the practice of APEC Privacy Framework principles and how the principles are performed in electronic commerce in Taiwan. The discussion also involves with the merits and pitfalls of the principles and introduces privacy protection principles of other organization. Many international organizations propose practicable self-disciplined principles and the Trust Mark will be a new milestone for a better environment for worldwide electronic commerce.