保護誰的生命？ 秘魯「婦女運動」公共議題的新聞框架

Abstract

本研究以1987 至1994 年間，秘魯報紙針對婦女運動要求生育自主的三個相關議題（母性死亡、墮胎除罪化與家庭計畫）來分析新聞媒體報導婦女運動公共議題的框架及其背後的文化意涵。分析結果顯示，秘魯新聞框架展現三個文化基礎：國家重於私領域、強調傳統女性角色、女性並非行動主體。新聞框架所隱喻的女性形象雖無顛覆既有的性別文化，但是自主框架的增加卻可為婦運訴求帶來新的契機。本文最後討論秘魯經驗對台灣婦運所帶來的啟示。

The study investigated how the media framed the issues of women’s movements in Peru by analyzing Peruvian newspaper coverage of women’s movement and its struggles between 1987 and 1994. The news’ frame of three public issues related to reproductive self-determination – maternal mortality rate, decriminalization of abortion, and family planning, were carefully studied. The results indicated three cultural elements of the Peruvian news frames-the importance of the nation-state, the reproduction of the traditional women’s roles, and the absence of woman as subject. While the traditional woman’s images represented in the news’ frames remained unchallenged, the increasing presence of the self-determination frame in the newspapers brought new discursive opportunities for the women’s movement. The frame competition occurs in the form of disputes on the problem definition and cause-effect deduction under the same cultural basis. The article also discussed implications of Peruvian experiences for women’s movements in Taiwan.