台灣電視新聞之災難報導：以「莫拉克」風災為例

Abstract

2009年8月8日發生莫拉克颱風重創台灣事件，引發全國關注，媒體報導變得極為關鍵。本研究以電視新聞為研究對象，同時採用量化與質化兩種方法，首先以內容分析法歸納分析電視災難新聞的主要問題；接著便帶著電視文本到災區播放，並進行相關深度訪談與焦點團體訪談。本研究發現，電視新聞雖關注災難議題，但受制於政治意識型態現象極為明顯；災民未必反對悲情式的報導方式，並認為記者報導有助於引發政府關注。然而災難新聞報導旨在商業競爭，已忽略災難傳播應有的社會責任。

On August 8, 2009, Typhoon Morakot catastrophically impacted Taiwan. As people in Taiwan closely followed this disaster, the role of the media for reporting became crucial. In this study, we employ TV news as our subject, and adopt both quantitative and qualitative methods for research. We used content analysis to analyze the major problems of disaster news coverage in TV reporting. We also broadcasted the news and conducted focus groups and in-depth interviews. The empirical research shows that, although TV news is focused on disaster management issues, it is significantly restrained by political ideologies. This study also shows that survivors are not necessarily opposed to a sad and mournful TV reporting style; they need media coverage to receive government attention. However, television media should not compete for profit by focusing on disaster coverage news while ignoring the social responsibilities of broadcasting disasters.