Han Migration and Social Changes in Xinjiang

Abstract

The dominant ethnic group in Xinjiang over the last several hundred years has been the Islamic Uygurs. However, a recent massive influx of Han people has brought significant change to Xinjiang, both socially and demographically. A dual structure of ethnic composition has emerged. The majority of Han people in the earlier-developed areas have a more affluent life, while most of the minority nationalities in southern Xinjiang, especially the Uygurs in the area of greater Kashi, live in comparatively backward conditions. Disparities in population growth and economic development have presented a challenge to the social stability and unity of ethnic groups in Xinjiang. This study explores both how and to what degree the influx of migration has caused both demographic and social changes in Xinjiang.