新垣宏一小說中的台灣人形象

Abstract

日據時期出生、成長在台灣的日籍作家新垣宏一（1913～2002），在台期間發表了近二十篇的短篇、極短篇（辻小說）小說，獲得由《文藝臺灣》雜誌頒發的「文藝臺灣賞」。本文以小說中的台灣人物形象為切入點，討論新垣的小說作品〈城門〉、〈盛り場にて〉、〈訂盟〉、〈山の火〉、〈山の父親〉、〈砂塵〉、〈船渠〉、〈いとなみ〉，觀察作家如何透過皇民指導者立場，為決戰體制下的台灣人指出「皇民化」道路。新垣宏一的灣生經驗使得他對殖民統治下的台灣人能有較近距離的形象捕捉，藉以在文本中發出滿足自我的他者之聲。從文本歸納出的流浪兒、女學生、留日學生、原住民、工人等各階級、性別層面的描寫，稍稍顯露了作家對台灣土地的執著，表現出台灣的地域特色，以補充殖民宗主國的文學版圖。但他無法擺脫身為日本人的優越感，不時以殖民者的聲勢出現在文本中，因而無法正視皇民化教育中衍生的問題。雖然新垣宏一的小說未能展現完整的文學理念，但他以自己生活範圍所能觸及的問題，透過對小人物的觀察刻劃，持續表現對主題的關注，是在台日人小說家中不能不被正視的個人特色。

Japanese writer Niigaki Kouichi （1913-2002）, born during the Japanese Occupation Period and raised in Taiwan, had published nearly twenty short stories and short-short stories in Taiwan, and received the “Literature Taiwan Award” from the Literature Taiwan magazine. This paper focuses on the images of Taiwanese figures in his writings, including “ The Gate”, “In the market”, “Engagement”, “Fire of the Mountain”, “Sand Dust”, “Dock”, and “preparation”, in order to observe how the author, from the viewpoint of civil imperial leader, pointed out the road of Japanization for the Taiwanese under the system of national battle. Niigaki’s Taiwanese experiences made him better understanding the lives of the people in colonized Taiwan, thus capturing their images and expressing others’ opinions of the contented self. This paper reviews the depiction of figures of various classes and both genders, including young drifters, female students, students studying in Japan, aboriginals, and workers, revealing his persistence to the land of Taiwan. His works also demonstrate the regional characteristics of Taiwan and supplement the literary works in the colonial country. However, he couldn’t throw off the sense of superiority of as a Japanese, thus had appeared in his writings as colonists, without seeing through the real problems of imperial residents’ education. Although his writing did not completely reveal the literary ideas, he showed continuous concerns on topics in his life and through the depiction of trivial figures; thus, he should be considered an important writer with distinguished personal characteristics among the Japanese writers in Taiwan.