Growing Global Civil Society Complements Global Environmental Governance: Lessons Learned from the Lancang/Mekong Dam Projects

Abstract

Although the increasing influence of global civil society has been noted in environmental politics and this phenomenon is synonymous with global environmental governance, some questions remain: where does this change in mentality originate and through what forces, how are these forces motivated, and how do they continue to motivate the ”environmental agenda”? A primary factor is the establishment of transnational institutions that stimulates the participation of global civil society in global environmental governance and how this participation has diminished government authority by reinforcing local loyalties with their viewpoints concerning the environment. Thus, the debate becomes how the interpretation of global environmental governance and ”top-down” approaches affects and is affected by local practices in civil society. This study examines the growing importance of global civil society to the Lancang/Mekong fish catch- the world`s largest inland fishery-and the dam project disputes concerning the Lancang/Mekong River. The following analysis concerns the influence of the rising global civil society on the effectiveness of these environmental governance entities. The analysis indicates that participation of the global civil society in the Lancang/Mekong dam decision-making process concerning the fisheries does not replace the traditional mechanism of governmental governance. Instead, the growing influence of the global civil society is compatible with operations of the governmental governance mechanism, complementing the function of global environmental governance.