東シナ海問題をめぐる台日中の争い－－安全保障の観点から論ずる 台日中三方在東海之爭議－－從東亞區域安全的角度加以探討

Abstract

本稿は国際法の観点から釣魚台列島（日本名：尖閣諸島）の領有権の帰属あるいはEEZ/ 大陸棚の画定原則の是非について論ずるものではなく、東アジアの安全保障の側面から、東シナ海問題について議論する。軍事的・経済的に台頭しつつある中国は、積極的に東シナ海で戦争に備える海洋調査や軍事訓練を実施し、その狙いが釣魚台列島の領有権や同海 域に眠っている資源を確保するのみならず、主に西太平洋の制海権を目指すものである。それに対し、日本は日米同盟の協力を強化したり防衛戦略を練り直したりすることで対応措置を講じてきた。また、台湾・馬英九政権も、三つの防衛線を明らかにしたうえで、米 製F-16C/D 型戦闘機とディーゼル潜水艦などの防衛兵器の購入をアメリカに求めている。経済面における資源開発をめぐる問題は、共同開発を通じて解決することができるが、安全保障に関わる制海権問題は解決が困難である。しかしそうであっても、資源の共同開発を通じて相 互信頼を促進することができるならば、制海権争いから生じるセキュリティ・ジレンマの緩和は可能である。本文無意從國際法觀點探討釣魚台主權之歸屬或者是東海大陸礁層劃界原則，而是從東亞區域安全的角度探討台灣、日本、以及中共三方在東海的爭議。崛起中的中國大陸積極地在東海實施海洋調查與軍事訓練，其目的不僅在於確保釣魚台領土主權及其週邊海域之海洋資源，更為爭奪西太平洋之制海權。對此，美日雙方透過同盟強化合作以及重新檢討防衛戰略予以對應。此外，台灣之馬英九政府亦提出三道防線戰略論，並積極向美國爭取購買F-16C/D型戰鬥機以及柴油動力潛水艇。涉及經濟層面的資源開發問題，可以透過共同開發的方式尋求解決，但是，牽涉到國防安全的制海權爭奪問題則難以This paper aims to analyze the East China Sea dispute between Taiwan, Japan, and China from the perspective of regional security in East Asia. After its rise, China has been actively implementing its marine investigation and military training in the East China Sea. Its purpose lies not only in assuring the sovereignty of the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands and the marine resources in the region, but also in fighting for sea control in the western Pacific Ocean. Hence, the United States has allied with Japan to enhance their cooperation and reexamine their defense strategies to respond to China`s moves. In addition, the Ma Ying-jeou government of Taiwan also proposed the strategic concept of three defense lines and actively pursued the purchase of F-16C/D fighters and diesel-powered submarines from the United States. Joint development can solve economic-related resource development issues, but solving issues related to national security and defense such as the battle for sea control will not be easy. Nonetheless, mutual trust can be built through joint resource development to ease the tension of the security dilemma over sea-control issues.解決。雖然如此，如果能夠透過資源共同開發以促進相互信賴，將可以緩和因為制海權問題所衍生的安全困境現象。

This paper aims to analyze the East China Sea dispute between Taiwan, Japan, and China from the perspective of regional security in East Asia. After its rise, China has been actively implementing its marine investigation and military training in the East China Sea. Its purpose lies not only in assuring the sovereignty of the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands and the marine resources in the region, but also in fighting for sea control in the western Pacific Ocean. Hence, the United States has allied with Japan to enhance their cooperation and reexamine their defense strategies to respond to China`s moves. In addition, the Ma Ying-jeou government of Taiwan also proposed the strategic concept of three defense lines and actively pursued the purchase of F-16C/D fighters and diesel-powered submarines from the United States. Joint development can solve economic-related resource development issues, but solving issues related to national security and defense such as the battle for sea control will not be easy. Nonetheless, mutual trust can be built through joint resource development to ease the tension of the security dilemma over sea-control issues.