戦後70 年の「安倍談話」について－－発表に至る政治過程

Abstract

2015 年8 月14 日正值第二次大戰後70 年，安倍晉三發表談話，企圖傳達其對日本過去與未來的想法。其最大焦點為安倍如何針對在前述戰爭中，針對日本對「殖民統治」與「侵略」行為表達悔恨與道歉。安倍重申在1995 年8 月15 日戰後50 年之「村山談話」，以及10年後，戰後60 年之「小泉談話」的內容。安倍談話可謂異常地受到國際社會之關注。中國、韓國在事前持續表達不滿。歐美媒體也強力批評安倍為「歷史修正主義者」。但日本既然已有官方說法，為何需要提出新的談話？為何安倍執意提出新的談話？在檢視村山談話、小泉談話發表之始末後，本文旨在釐清安倍對前述聲明的觀點，及檢視安倍發表聲明之政治過程。

On August 14, 2015, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe released a statement marking the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II. Abe attempted to convey his views on Japan’s past and the future. However, the main focus of the statement was how Abe referred to the “remorse” and “apology” for Japan’s “colonial rule” and “aggression” during WWII. Abe reiterated what has been mentioned in the statements by former prime ministers Tomiichi Murayama and Junichiro Koizumi―issued respectively on August 15, 1995 on the 50th anniversary of the end of WWII, and 10 years later, the 60th anniversary. Abe’s statement drew what could be described as an extraordinary attention from international society. As Abe has triggered animosity from both the Chinese and South Korean governments long before the release of his statement, many American and European media have persistently criticized Abe as a “historical revisionist.” Why propelled Abe to release a statement as such, despite the existence of country’s official account of the matter? Was a new statement really necessary? Examining the background of how Murayama and Koizumi’s statements were formed, this paper aims to clarify Abe’s views on the previous statements, and discusses the political process up until the release of Abe’s own statement.