留學台灣‧尋找「中國」─論馬華詩人傅承得與陳大為作品中的「中國圖像」與台灣經驗

Abstract

在現代文學中，作家藉由文字刻劃「中國」的圖像，是個常見的主題，也很值得探討。本文希望藉由曾經來台灣受教育，並因此展開他們的寫作生涯的詩人，探討他們如何在作品中反思中國歷史與文化傳統，以及如何書寫他們的台灣經驗。以留台／旅台馬華詩人來看，傅承得、陳大為二人都曾自其生長的僑居地到台灣求學，且都進入台灣大學中文系；而後傅承得返回大馬，陳大為留在台灣就業。傅氏的作品從學生時期對中國文化的孺慕，到近期對生活的嘲諷，顯示出一個馬華詩人的心路歷程；陳氏的作品一直透顯著對中國古文明的質疑與思索，也完成其家族移民馬來西亞的南洋史詩。他們的共同之處在於，生長在馬來西亞，留學台灣，卻在尋找「中國」的弔詭現象。而不可忽視的是，台灣成為他們寫作的啟蒙與啟航點，他們具有「台灣製造」的記號，也有不少書寫台灣的作品；他們的跨界流動經驗，和台灣文學形成良好的互動關係。本文希望藉此爬梳二人的創作與馬來西亞／（中國）／台灣的關係，以具體呈現台灣文壇和馬華文學的對話。

It’s a general subject in modern Chinese literature that writers score “Chinese Image” in their works. This article hoped to make a research to observe and analyze those who once came Taiwan to be educated in colleges, and therefore to begin with their writing works. Then it will try to discuss how they reconsider with Chinese history, traditional culture and how did they describe their Taiwan experience. In the development of Taiwan poetic world, Fu Chengde and Chen Dawei were both who once left their growing home for Taiwan, and studied in the Chinese Department of National Taiwan University .Then Fu Chengde returned to Malaysia, Chen Dawei stayed in Taiwan for work when they were graduated from NTU. Fu’s works represent the admiration to the Chinese culture since his college life. But now he sneer at the life. Chen’s works are focused on the questions of Chinese ancient civilization. He also recalls his Guangxi family history that the family immigrate to Malaysia. They have something in common, grown up in Malaysia, studied in Taiwan and sought for “Chineseness”. That makes a paradox. And it couldn’t be ignored that Taiwan became their enlightenment and sailing port of writing. They have the token of “made in Taiwan”. They wrote many things about Taiwan.Their experiences of cross-border flows make them a good interaction to Taiwan literature. This article hopes to through the relationship in and between Malaysian / (China) / Taiwan in order to present a concrete dialogue between Taiwanese literature and MCA literature.