隱含價值揭露與壽險公司財務資訊之關聯性

Abstract

台灣的壽險公司早在數年前就開始自願性揭露自身的隱含價值(Embedded value, EV)，迄2016年底共有3家金控、3家壽險公司在每年初第一季法人說明會揭露去年整體公司的隱含價值，希望透過自願性的揭露隱含價值來降低與投資大眾之間的資訊不對稱，提升股票價格與流動性。國際投資法人都會用隱含價值來做為金控、壽險公司股價的判斷依據，但台灣股票價值明顯低於隱含價值甚多。有鑑於此，本論文想研究台灣2009-2015年間，壽險公司自願性揭露隱含價值報告書是否提供有價值的資訊給投資大眾。本文利用簡單迴歸3個模型來檢驗假說，再將有無揭露隱含價值報告書之金控、壽險公司分群，資料從2009至2015年底的日資料與季資料，利用統計學兩獨立樣本T檢定與無母數Wilcoxon檢定方式，分別比較兩群金控、壽險公司股價與財務變數表現。實證結果顯示，隱含價值能提供有價值之資訊，並且有揭露隱含價值的壽險公司在財務變數的資產、稅後淨利、ROE和ROA波動度顯著表現較好與穩定；有揭露隱含價值的金控公司在股價變數表現方面皆顯著更好。整體而言，自願性揭露隱含價值確實能提供有價值的資訊給投資大眾。因此，建議未來主管機關也能將是否強制要求壽險公司揭露隱含價值納入考量，以作為金融政策監理之參考。

Life insurers in Taiwan began disclosing voluntarily their embedded value (EV) a few years ago. By the end of 2016, there were 3 Financial Holding Companies (FHC) and 3 insurers disclosing their EV in the first-quarter financial report every year. They hope to increase the stock price and liquidity through voluntary disclosure of EV which may reduce the information asymmetry for the investors. The stock prices of life insurers in Taiwan are significantly lower than their EVs, and the voluntary disclosure of EV is not common. Therefore, this paper intends to study whether the disclosure of EV provides valuable information to the investor. Based on the data of FHC and life insurers during 2009-2015, this study compares the operating stability, stock price and financial performance between the firms with and without disclosure of EV. The empirical results show that the life insurers with EV disclosure present better profiles in Asset, Net Income, ROE and ROA Volatility, and the FHC with EV disclosure outperform in stock price, volume, turnover, market value, and price book ratio. Therefore, this study concludes that voluntary disclosure of EV does provide valuable information to the investors.