Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/112724| 題名: | 以醫療社會學脈絡比較台灣與新加坡未出生胎兒的生命尊嚴 A Comparative Study on Human Dignity of the Unborn Child between Taiwan and Singapore in a context of Medical Sociology |
作者: | 蕭慧瑛 Shiao, Whei Ing |
貢獻者: | 高永光 Kao, Yuang Kuang 蕭慧瑛 Shiao, Whei Ing |
關鍵詞: | 人性尊嚴 未出生胎兒 焦點團體 現代國家 Human dignity Unborn child Focus group interview Modern state Eugenics |
日期: | 2017 | 上傳時間: | 13-Sep-2017 | 摘要: | 未岀生胎兒的生命尊嚴長期被在公領域被乎略。本研究以質性之焦點團體訪談法，分別在臺灣與新加坡進行24個焦點團體進行訪談。其中包括12個沒有信仰者的團體與12個有信仰者的團體，探索其對未岀生胎兒生命尊嚴的看法，以及臺灣與新加坡如何在聯合國、美國、新馬爾薩斯人口學家、優生學家與國際計畫家庭組織（International Planned Parenthood Federation，IPPF)所推動的家庭計畫，因追求經濟成長而選擇人口零成長的政策，導致未岀生胎兒的生命尊嚴更行惡化。 The human dignity of the unborn child remains uncertain in public policy domain. The importance of rethinking public reasonableness becomes unavoidable in the stage of late capitalism and liberal democracy. Political power, knowledge, and participation are three key elements of policymaking. The human dignity of the unborn child is neglected in the process of policymaking of population politics. There are advocators, United Nations, United States, eugenicists, neo-Malthusians and International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) in the process of population policymaking at the international level during the past three decades. This research first attempts to focus on the inter relationship among these five advocators and to review how the unborn child becomes missing within the process of international population policymaking. Secondly, Taiwan and Singapore are two test cases to reveal the policy follower roles who adopt the similar dream of modern states. Thirdly, since the personal religious beliefs play a significant role not only in shaping attitudes, but also in economic development, political stability, sexual morality and gender equality. This research adopts qualitative approach the focus group interview to compare the attitude of human dignity of the unborn child between the faith-based people with non-faith people both in Taiwan and Singapore. In this research 24 focus groups will be organized across Taiwan and Singapore, each country contains 12 groups. Each country contains 6 faith-based focus groups and 6 non-faith focus groups. Attempt to find the difference and similarity of population policy between Taiwan and Singapore and to explore how the religious values and the concept of human dignity of the unborn child excluded in the process of demographic policymaking. |
參考文獻: | 中文\r\n于家城、林嘉志等譯，Fox, S. I.著。王錫崗總校閱(2006)。人體生理學。台北：新文京出版社。\r\n王瑞霞(2000)。青少年性健康促進。護理雜誌。47(1)。26-31。\r\n台灣省家庭計畫研究所(1969)。中華民國台灣地區家庭計畫統計年報。台灣省家庭計畫研究所。\r\n台灣省家庭計畫研究所(1977)。台灣省家庭計畫工作報告。\r\n行政院國際經濟合作發展委員會(1972)。中華民國台灣地區人口之成長與家庭計畫。\r\n台灣省婦幼衛生研究所(1969)。台灣省婦幼衛生研究所志。\r\n台灣省家庭計畫研究所(1998)。台灣地區縣市鄉鎮區人口統計資料彙編。\r\n李棟明著(1979)。節育與家庭計畫推行影響台灣生育水準研究。台灣省家庭計畫研究所。\r\n李棟明等著(1985)。台灣省家庭計畫研究所成立十周年紀念專刊。台灣省家庭計畫研究所。\r\n李棟明(1993)。台灣地區完成緩和人口成長家庭計畫成果之評估。台灣省家庭計畫研究所。\r\n李棟明(1995)。台灣地區早期家庭計畫發展誌詳。台灣省家庭計畫研究所。\r\n李美慧編(1996)。台灣省家庭計畫研究所志。台灣省家庭計畫研究所。\r\n王金茂報告(1972)。台灣地區之人口問題及本省家庭計畫推行工作簡報。台灣省政府衛生處。\r\n毛立德譯，John Wyatt著(2004)。人命關天：二十一世紀醫學倫理大挑戰。台北：校園書坊出版社。\r\n林惠生(2002)。台灣地區高中、高職及五專在校男女學生性知識、態度及危害健康行為與網路之使用。發表於台灣性教育協會第五屆學術研討會。台北榮總。\r\n林惠生等撰(1995)。台灣地區縣市家庭計畫與生育保健調查縣市研究報告。台灣家庭計畫研究所。\r\n周明加編譯(2007)。Langman’s醫學胚胎學。台北：力大圖書有限公司。第十版。\r\n游常山撰，(2011)。劉銘傳：現代化大夢，啟動了。天下雜誌2011/9/29\r\n盧忻謐，梁妃儀，蔡篤堅(2007)。台灣家庭計畫之奠基啟航。台北：行政院衛生署國民健康局。 \r\n趙育農(2004)。一個女性經驗的家庭計畫：台灣家庭計畫早期的發展。政大碩士論文。\r\n張苙雲(2003)。醫療與社會---醫療社會學的探索。台北，巨流。\r\n張勝彥編(2004)。台灣全志大事志。台北：國史館臺灣文獻館出版。\r\n陳肇男，孫得雄，李棟明著(2003)。台灣的人口奇蹟：家庭計畫政策成功探源。台北：聯經。\r\n國立臺灣師範大學中等教育輔導委員會主編，李國祈撰，(1996)。認識台灣歷史論文集。清代台灣社會的轉型。台北：國立臺灣師範大學中等教育輔導委員會出版。\r\n國立臺灣師範大學中等教育輔導委員會主編，李國祈撰，(1996)。認識台灣歷史論文集。百年來臺澎地區人口的變遷。台北：國立臺灣師範大學中等教育輔導委員會出版。\r\n蔣夢麟(1974)。夢麟文存。台北：正中書局。\r\n蔣夢麟(1951；1990重刊)。農復會工作演進原則之檢討。台北：農復會出版。\r\n蔣夢麟(1959)。讓我們面對日益迫切的台灣人口問題。聯合報1959年4月13日。\r\n沈宗瀚(1975)。沈宗瀚自述。台北：傳記文學。\r\n蔡宏政(2007)。台灣人口政策的歷史形構。台灣社會學刊第39期。\r\n陳愛娥(1997)。憲法對未出生胎兒的保護---作為基本權保護義務的一例來觀察。政大法學評論第58期，1997年12月。頁65-82。\r\n范絢譯，Hrdy, Sarah Blaffer著(2004)。母性(Mother Nature)。國立編譯館主譯。台北城邦文化事業。\r\n曾凡慈譯，高夫曼(Goffman Erving) 著(2010)。汙名：管理受損身分的筆記。台北市：群學。\r\n凃淑容(2013)。墮胎議題的神學反省。台南神學院。\r\n洪佼宜譯，Keynes, Randal著(2005)。安妮的盒子：達爾文的女兒和演化論誕生的故事 (Annie’s Box: Chales Darwin, His Daughter and Human Evolution)。台北：貓頭鷹出版社。\r\n武麗英，(2006)。高中職護理教師對墮胎議題的倫理態度與教學內涵看法之研究。南華大學生死學碩士學位論文。\r\n徐美苓，(2008)。從優生保健法的爭議看墮胎新聞的再現。台北，政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。\r\n郭禎麟、吳意琳、董宛瑜等譯，Lassiter, Luke Eric 著(2010)。歡迎光臨人類學(Invitation to Anthropology)。台北：群學出版有限公司。\r\n簡後聰著，(2001)。台灣史。台北：五南圖書出版公司。\r\n楊玉齡譯，Abner Shimony(1999)。我的生日不見了(Tibaldo and the Hole in the Calendar)。台北，天下文化。\r\n陳潔詩譯，Moi, Toril著(1995)。性別/文本政治：女性主義文學理論。新北市：駱駝出版社。\r\n陳文政譯(2004) 。美國聯邦最高法院有關墮胎之憲法判例---史坦柏控卡哈特(Sternberg v. Chart 120 S. Ct. 2597, 2000)，政治學學報第三期，2004年8月1日。頁57-84。\r\n鄭順德譯，Kann, Reginald著(2001)。福爾摩沙考查報告(Rapport sur Formosa)。台北：中央研究院台灣史研究所籌備處出版。 \r\nEnglish \r\nAbrams, P. (1984). Reviewed Work Historical Sociology. History and Theory Vol. 23, No. 3 (Oct. 1984). 379-393 \r\nAdamczyk, A. (2013). The Effect of Personal Religiosity on Attitudes toward Abortion, Divorce, and Gender Equality---Does Cultural Context Make a Difference? EurAmerica Vol. 43, No. 1 (March 2013). Institute of European and American Studies, Academia SINICA 213-253 \r\nAdams, M. B., ed., (1990). The Wellborn Science: Eugenics in Germany, France, Brazil and Russia, New York and Oxford. \r\nAlford, C. F. (2010). Narrative, Nature and the Natural Law: from Aquinas to International Human Rights New York: Palgrave Macmillan. \r\nAlford, C. F. (2011). Psychology and the Natural Law of Reparation Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. \r\nAllen, G. E. (1997). ‘The social and economic origins of genetic determinism: a case history of the American Eugenics Movement 1900-1940 and its lessons for today’ Genetics 99:77-88 \r\nAmerican House of Representatives (1994). U. S. Population Policy and U. S. Position at the Upcoming Cairo Conference: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign affair. House of Representative, 103 Congress. Second Session, July 1994.\r\nAnderson, A. B. (2005). Reproductive Health: Women and Men’s Shared Responsibility. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc. \r\nAnselment, R. A. (1989). ‘Smallpox in Seventeenth-Century English Literature: Reality and the Metamorphosis of Wit’ Medical History 1989. 33. 72-95. \r\nArendt, H., (1962). The Origins of Totalitarianism. Cleveland and New York. \r\nArmstrong, E. M. (2003). “Longing for Uncertainty” inside the book edited by Messsikomer, Clara M.; Swazey, Judith P.; Clicksman, Allen Society & Medicine: Essays in honor of Renee C. Fox Transaction Publishers New Brunswick, New Jersey.\r\nArner, R. (2010). Consistently Pro-Life: the Ethics of Bloodshed in Ancient Christianity. Pickwick Publications. \r\nArnold, F., Sunita, K., and Roy, T. K. (2002) “Sex Selective Abortion in India” Population and Development Review Vol. 28 (4). 759-785.\r\nAsch, A. (1999). “Prenatal Diagnosis and Selective Abortion: A challenge to practice and policy.” American Journal of Public Health. Vol 89 (11): 1649-1657. \r\nAshford, L. S. (2001). “New Population Policies: Advancing Women’s Health and Rights” Population Bulletin 56, 1:1-45. \r\nBannister, R. (1979). Social Darwinism: Science and Myth in British- American Social Thought. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. \r\nBanister, J. (2004). “Shortage of girls in China.” Journal of Population Research 21 (1). 19-45. \r\nBarak, A. (2015). Human Dignity: The Constitutional Value and the Constitutional Right Cambridge University Press. \r\nBarkei, R. (1988). ‘A Medieval Hebrew Treatise on Obstetrics’. Medical History 1988, 33. 96-119. \r\nBayertz, K. (1996). Sanctity of Life and Human Dignity Kluwer Academic Publisher \r\nBeck, U. (1992) Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. Sage Publication Ltd.\r\nBennett, J. H. (1983). Natural Selection, Heredity and Eugenics. New York and Oxford. \r\nBerger, P. & Luckmann, T. (1966). The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. New York, London, Toronto, Sydney, Auckland: Anchor Books. \r\nBerelson, B. (1975) ‘The World Population Plan of Action: Where Now?’ Population and Development Review, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Sep., 1975), pp. 115-146 (Published by: Population Council)\r\nBerger, A. A. (1995). Cultural Criticism: A Primer of Key Concepts London, New Delhi: Sage Publication. \r\nBernard, M. D. (1986).“Prenatal diagnosis and female abortion: a case study of in medical law and ethics”. Journal of Medical Ethics Vol. 12. 143-144. \r\nBhana, D. (2009). ‘AIDS is rape!’ Gender and sexuality in children’s responses to HIV and AIDS. Social Science and Medicine 69(4), 596-603. \r\nBhattacharjya, D., Sudarshan A., Tuljapurkar, S., Shachter, R. and Feldman, M. (2008). “How can Economic schemes curtail the increasing sex ratio at birth in China”. Demographic Research Vol. 19. Article 54. 1831-1848.\r\nBirdsall, N. and Jamison, D. T. (1983). “Income and other factors influencing fertility in China” Population and Development Review 9. 651-675. \r\nBirkhead, T. R. Hosken, D. J. P. S. S. (2009). Sperm biology: An Evolutionary Perspective. Amsterdam, Boston, Heidelberg, London, New York, Oxford, Paris, San Diego, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo: Elsevier Ltd. \r\nBisol, C. A., Sperb, T. M. & Moreno-Black, G. (2008). Focus groups with deaf and hearing youths in Brazil: Improving a questionnaire on sexual behavior and HIV/AIDS. Qualitative Health Research 18(4), 565-578.\r\nBloch, E. (1996). Trans. by Dennis J. Schmidt. Natural Law and Human Dignity MIT Press. \r\nBock, G. (1991). ‘Antinatalsm, Maternity and Paternity in National Socialist Racism in Gisela Bock and Par Thane, Maternity and Gender Policy: Women and the Rise of the European Welfare States 1880s-1950s. London: Routledge.\r\nBogart, L. (1984). Strategy in Advertising: matching media and message to markets and motivation. Chicago IL: Crain\r\nBoli, J. T. G. M. (Eds.) (1999). Constructing World Culture: International Non-Governmental Organizations since 1875. Stanford University Press. \r\nBongaarts, J. (1987) ‘The Proximate Determinants of Exceptionally High Fertility.’ Population and Development Review Vol. 13 Number 1, 1987. pp.133-147 \r\nBowler, P. (1976). ‘Malthus, Darwin and the Concept of Struggle’, Journal of the History of Ideas. 37. 631-50.\r\nBraddell, T. (1861). Statistics of the British Possessions in the Straits of Malacca Pinang: Pinang Gazette Printing Office.\r\nBuechler, S. M. (1990). Women’s Movement in the United States: Woman Suffrage, Equal Rights, and Beyond. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. \r\nCaldwell, J.C. Khuda, B.E. Caldwell, B. Pieris, I. Caldwell, P. (1999). ‘The Bangladesh Fertility Decline: An Interpretation’ Population and Development Review Vol. 25, No.1. March 1999. 67-84\r\nCannold, L. (2000). The Abortion Myth: Feminism, Morality and the Hard Choices Women Make. Hanover N.H.: University of New England Press.\r\nCaldwell, J. C. & Caldwell, P. (1987) ‘The Cultural Context of High Fertility in sub-Saharan Africa’ Population and Development Review Vol. 13 Number 3, 1987. pp.409-437. \r\nChang, M. C., Freeman, R. S. (1981). ‘Trends in Fertility, Family Size Preferences and Family Planning Practice: Taiwan’ Studies in Family Planning. Population Council vol. 12. No. 5. pp. 211-228. \r\nCasetti, E. & Li, W. L. (1979). ‘The Family Planning Program in Taiwan: Did It Make any Difference?’ Geographical Analysis vol. 11, no. 4 (October, 1979). \r\nCharmaz, K. & Belgrave, L. L. (2013). ‘Modern Symbolic Interaction and Health’ at the book of Medical Sociology on the Move: New Directions in Theory, edited by Cockerham, William Chapter 2. Springer. \r\nChu, J. (2001). “Prenatal Sex Determination and Sex Selective Abortion in Rural Central China” Population and Development Review Vol. 27. Issue 2. 259-281. \r\nChua, S. C. (1973). Speech document given by Mr. Chua, Sian Chin Minister for Health and Home Affairs and MP for Macpherson at the opening of Macpherson Family Planning Clinic and Macpherson Constituency of Family Planning Seminar at the Macpherson Community Center on Saturday 17, November 1973 PDF document from National Archive of Singapore online \r\nCicero, (1966). De Re Reublica. With an English translation by Clinton Walker Keyes Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. \r\nCoal, A. J. (1991). “Excess female mortality and balance of sexes in the population: An estimation of the number of ‘missing females’. Population and Development Review 17 (3). 517-523. \r\nCoal, A. J. & Nanister J. (1996). “Five decades of missing female in China” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 140 (4). 421-450.\r\nCockerham, W. (2001). The Blackwell Companion to Medical Sociology. Blackwell Publishing. \r\nCockerham, W. (2016) Medical Sociology Oxford University Press. \r\nCohen, M. & Hanagan, M. (1991). ‘The Politics of Gender and the Making of the Welfare State: A Comparative Perspective’, Journal of Social History 24: 469-484. \r\nCohen, I. G. (2011). ‘Fetal Pain, Abortion, Viability and the Constitution’ Harvard Law School Public Law & Legal Theory Working Paper Series paper No. 11-26. Social Science Research Network (SSRN).\r\nConnelly, M. (2006). ‘Seeing beyond the State: The Population Control Movement and the Problem of Sovereignty’ Past & Present 193(4):197-233 \r\nCosgrove, J. (2001) Breakdown: The Facts about Stress in Teaching. Taylor & Francis e-library\r\nCutipa, M. D.., Zhenghua J., Bohua L., Zhenming X. Chung, W., and Bae, H. (2003). “Why is son preference is so persistent in East and South Asia: A cross countries study of China, India and the Republic of Korea?”. The Journal of Development Studies 40 (2). 153-187.\r\nCulter, P. (1975) ‘In Search of Master Science: Population Policy in the Seventies’ JSTOR. July/ Agust. American Society for Public Administration.\r\nCutpa, M. D. (1987) ‘Selective Discrimination against Female Children in Rural Punjab, India’. Population and Development Review Vol. 13 Number 1, 1987. pp.77-100 \r\nDadid, H. P., Fleischhacker, J. & Hohn, C. (1988) ‘Abortion and Eugenics in Nazi Germany. Population and Development Review Vol. 14 Number 1, 1988. pp.81-112 Infant Life Preservation Act (1929) http://www.opsi.gov.uk/revisedstatutes/acts/ukpga/1929/cukpga_19290034_en_1\r\nDamm, J. & Lim, P. Eds. (2012). European Perspectives on Taiwan. Springer. \r\nDarwin, C. (1859). The Origin of Species http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F373&viewtype=text&pageseq=1\r\nDavid, P. A. & Anderson, W. C. (1987) ‘The Emergence of a Two-Child Norm among American Birth Controllers’. Population and Development Review Vol. 13 Number 1, 1987. pp.1-41 \r\nDavis, K.. 1967. `Population policy: Will current programs succeed?\" Science 158, no. 3802 (10 November): 730-739.\r\nDerbyshire, S. W. G. (2006). ‘Can Fetuses feel pain?’ BML volume 332, 15, April 2006. \r\nDidache, http://thedidache.com/\r\nDonald, I. (1958). “Investigation of Abdominal Masses by Pulsed Ultrasound” Lancet 7. June 1958. \r\nDonaldson, P. J. and Charles, B. K. (1988). “Population and Family Planning: An International Perspective” Family Planning Perspectives. 20, 6: 311-320 \r\nDonaldson, P. J. (1990). Nature Against US: the United States and the World Population Crisis 1965-1980. Chapel Hill, North Carolina: the University of North Carolina Pres.\r\nDorff, E. N., Ruttenberg, D. (eds.) (2010). Jewish Choices, Jewish Voices: War and National Security. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society \r\nDryzek, J. S. (1983). ‘Don’t toss coins in garbage cans: a prologue to policy design’. Journal of Public Policy, volume 3. 345-368. \r\nDryzek, J. S. (1987). ‘Complexity and Rationality in Public Life’. Political Studies, XXXV. 424-442.\r\nDunn, W. N. (2012). Public Policy Analysis. Person Education Inc. \r\nDurkheim, E. (1951).translated by John A. Spauldin and George Simpson, edited with an introduction by George Simpson. Suicide: A Study in Sociology. Glencoe, New York: Free Press.\r\nDurkheim, E. (1995). translated by Karen Field The Elementary Forms of Religious Life New York: Free Press. \r\nDworkin, R. (1994). Life’s Dominion: An Argument about Abortion, Euthanasia and Individual Freedom. New York: Vintage Books.\r\nEager, P. W. (2004). Global Population Policy: from Population Control to Reproductive Rights Ashgate Publishing Company. \r\nEberstadt, N. (March/April 2001). “The Population Implosion” Foreign Policy: 42-53. \r\nEisenstein, Hester (1983). Contemporary Feminist Thought. Boston: G. K. Hall & Co. \r\nEliade, M. (1963). translated by Rosemary Sheed. Patterns in Comparative Religion New York: World Publishing Company. \r\nEngs, R. C. (2005). The Eugenics Movement: An Encyclopedia. Creenwood Press.\r\nEngelman, P. C. (2011). A History of the Birth Control Movement in America Greenwood Publishing Group. \r\nFaucci, R. (2014). A History of Italian Economic Thought New York: Routledge. \r\nFeldman, M. W., Tuljarpurkar S., Jin X., and Lin N. (2002). “Son preference, marriage, and international transfer in rural China”. Morrison for Population and Resource Studies at Stanford University. \r\nFinkle, J. L. and Crane, B. B. (1975). “The Politics of Bucharest: Population, Development, and the New International Economic Order” Population and Development Review 1, 1: 87-114. \r\nEser, A. & Koch, H. G. Translated by Silverman, Emily. (2005). Abortion and the Law: from international comparison to legal policy. T. M. C. Asser Press. \r\nFinnis, J. (2011). Natural Law and Natural Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press. \r\nFisher, K. (2006). Birth Control, Sex and Marriage in Britain 1918-1960 Oxford: Oxford University Press. \r\nFletcher, G. P. (1984). ‘Human Dignity as Constitutional Value’. 22. U. W. Ont. L. Rev. 171. \r\nFoucault, M. (1978). The History of Sexuality. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.\r\nFoucault, M. (1994). translated from French by A. M. Sheridan Smith The Birth of The Clinics: An Anthropology of Medical Perception. New York: Vintage Books.\r\nFoucault, M. (1995). translated from French by A. M. Sheridan Smith Discipline and Punish : the Birth the Prison. New York: Vintage Books.\r\nFoucault, M. (2002). The Order of Things: An Anthropology of Human Sciences. London, New York: Routledge\r\nFreedman, R. (1965). ‘Family Planning Programs Today: Major Themes of Geneva Conference’ Studies in Family Planning. Population Council Vol. 1. No. 8. Supplement. October. pp1-7. \r\nFreud, S. (1975). Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, translated by J. Strachey. New York: Basic Books.\r\nFrinkle, J. L. and McIntosh, A. (1994). “The New Politics of Population” Population and Development Review 1, 1:87-114. \r\nFukuyama, F. (1992). The End of History and the Last Man. New York The Free Press. \r\nGalen, translated by Brock, Arthur John (1916) On the Natural Faculties Edinburge London: William Heinemann; New York: G. P. Putman’s Son https://ryanfb.github.io/loebolus-data/L071.pdf\r\nGalilei, G. (1610). The Starry Messenger, Italy: Venice \r\nGaud, W. S. (1968). “AID Policy on Family Planning and Population Growth” Statement of the Honorable William S. Gaud, Administrator for the Agency for International Development Department of State before the Subcommittee on Foreign Aid Expenditure of the Senate Government Operations Committee. \r\nGellner, D. N. (2009). ‘The Uses of Max Weber: Legitimation and Amnesia in Buddhology, South Asian History, and Anthropological Practice Theory’ in the book edited by Clarke, Peter B. The Sociology of Religion New York, Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto: Oxford University Press.\r\nGeorgianna, S. L. (1989). The Moral Majority and Fundamentalism: Plausibility and Dissonance. New York: Edwin Mellen Press. \r\nGerhardt, U. (1989). Ideas about Illness: An Intellectual and Political History of Medical Sociology. London: Macmillan. \r\nGilbert, P. (2008). Cholera and Nation. State University of New York Press. \r\nGilligan, C. (1982). In a Different Voice: Psychological theory and women’s development. Cambridge Mass. Harvard University Press 1993.\r\nGilmore, S. (2008) (Eds.). Feminist Coalitions: historical perspectives on second-wave feminism in the United States. University of Illinois Press\r\nGledon, M. A. (1998). ‘Knowing the Universal Declaration of Human Rights’ 73 Notre Dame Law Review 1153. \r\nGlover, V. & Fisher, N. M. (1999). ‘Fetal pain: implication for research and practice’ BJOG. International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. \r\nGoffman, E. (1968a). Asylums: Essay on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates. Harmondsworth: Penguin. \r\nGoffman, E. (1963/2009). Stigma. Notes on the Management of Spoilt Identity Englewood Cliffs, N. J. Prentice Hall.\r\nGoodin, R. E. (2005). Reflective Democracy, Oxford University Press. \r\nGorman, M. J. (1982). Abortion and the Early Church: Christian, Jewish and Pagan Attitudes in the Greco-Roman World. Wipf and Stock publishers. \r\nGreen, M. (1993). “The Evolution of U.S. International Population Policy, 1965-92: A Chronological Account” Population and Development Review 19, 2: 303-321.\r\nGrindstaff, L. (2008) “Culture and Popular Culture: A Case for Sociology.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, September 2008. Vol.619. N0. 1 206-222.; Entelis J. P. (1981) “Elite Political Culture and Socialization in Algeria: Tensions and Discontinuities” Middle East Journal.; 何明修，2010，「台灣社會運動的軌跡 (1980-2010)」。台灣教授協會主辦，「社會運動二十年」研討會，台北：國立台灣大學。2010年12月4日。\r\nGottlieb, R. S. (1989). (Eds). An Anthology of Western Marxism: from Lukacs and Gramsci to Socialist- Feminism. Oxford University Press.\r\n\r\nHall, P. A. and Taylor, R. C. R. (1996) ‘Political Science and Three New Institutionalisms’ Political Studies Volume 44, Issue 5, December 1996, 936-957. \r\nHaller, J.D. (1984). Eugenics: Hereditarian Attitudes in American Thought. New Brunswick, N J, Rutgers University Press. \r\nHart, H. L. A. (2012). The Concept of Law. UK: Oxford University Press. \r\nHave, H. Ten (1997). ‘From Synthesis and System to Morals and Procedure: the Development of Philosophy of Medicine’. In R. A. Carson and C. R. Burns (eds.) Philosophy of Medicine and Bioethics Dordrecht Netherland: Kluwer\r\nHaskins, C. H. (1957). The Rise of Universities Ithaca: Cornell University Press.\r\nHeld, D. (2007). Democracy and the Global Order: from the Modern State to Cosmopolitan Governance UK: Polity Press and Blackwell Publisher Ltd. \r\nHenderson, G. E.; King, N. M.; Strauss, R. P. ; Estroff, S. E.; Churchill, L. R. Eds. (1997). The Social Medicine Reader Duke University Press. \r\nHennik, M. M. (2007). International focus group research: A Handbook for the health and social science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. \r\nHilden, P. (1986). Working Women and Socialist Politics in France,1880-1914. Oxford.\r\nHistorical Anatomies on the web:\r\nhttps://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/historicalanatomies/vesalius_bio.html\r\nHoggart, L. (2000). Social Feminism, Reproductive Rights and Political Action. Capital and Class March 1, 2000. \r\nHolmes, T. H. &. Rahe, R. H. (1967). ‘The Social Readjustment Rating Scale’ Journal of Psychosomatic Research Volume 11. 213-218. \r\nHoward, R. & Donnelly, J. (1986). ‘Human Dignity, Human Rights, and Political Regimes’ The American Political Science Review. Vol. 80. No. 3 September 1986. pp.801-817. \r\nHunter, J.C. (1962). ‘The problem of the French Birthrate on the Eve of World War I’. French Historical Studies. II. 490-503.\r\nHollis, P. (1987). Ladies Elect. Women in Local Government 1865-1914. Oxford: Clarendon Press. \r\nHodgson, D. & Watkins, S. C. (1997). ‘Feminist and Neo-Malthusians: Past and Present Alliance’ Population and Development Review Vol. 23. No. 3. Sep. 1997. \r\nHrdy, S. B. (2000). Mother Nature: Maternal Instincts and How They Shapes the Human Species Ballantine Books \r\nHuss, M.M. (1990). ‘Pronatalism in the Interwar Period in France’, Journal of Contemporary History, 25. 39-68.\r\nHutchinson, J. F. (1973). ‘Historical Method and Social History of Medicine’ Medical History (17) 4 423-431\r\nInternational Birth Control Conference (5th 1922 London, England) 在线阅读 \r\nBirth control, what it is, how it works, what it will do American Birth Control Conference (1st 1921 New York) 在线阅读 The Birth control review, 1922 \r\nIsin, E. F. Nyers, P. Tuner, B. (Eds.) (2013) Citizenship between Past and Future. Routledge. \r\nJacobs, J. A. (2013). (Eds. ) Reason, Religion and Natural Law: from Plato to Spinoza New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press. \r\nJaggar, A. M. (1983). Feminist Politics and Human Nature Lanham Md:Rowman & Littlefield. \r\nJohansson, S. R. (1987). ‘Statue Anxiety and Demographic Contraction of Privileged Population’ Population and Development Review Vol. 13 Number 3, 1987. pp.439-470 \r\nJames, A. (1999) ‘The Practice of Sovereign Statehood in Contemporary Society’. Political Studies XLVII. 457-473. \r\nJones, G., Straughan P. T. & Chan A. (Eds.). (2009) Ultra-low Fertility in Pacific Asia: Trends, cause and policy issues. London, New York: Routledge.\r\nJohn, B. & Greenhalgh, S. (1985) ‘An Alternative to the One-child Policy in China’. Population and Development Review Vol. 11(4). (Dec. 1985). 585-617.\r\nJohnasson, S., and Nygren O. (1991). “The missing girls in China: A new demographic account ” Population and Development Review 17 (1) 35-51.\r\nJohnson, S. (1987). World Population and the United Nations: Challenge and Response. New York: Cambridge University Press. \r\nJoseph, R. (2009). Human Rights and the Unborn Child. Netherland: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. \r\nKamberelis, G. & Dmitriadis, G. (2008). Focus group: Strategic articulation of pedagogy, politics and inquiry. In N.K. Denzin & Lincoln (eds.) Collecting and Interpreting qualitative materials, 3rd edition (pp.. 375-402). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage\r\nKennedy, D. M. (1970) Birth control in America: The Career of Margaret Sanger. Yale University Press. New Haven. \r\nKeeney, S. M. (1967). ‘Korea and Taiwan: The Score for 1966’ Studies in Family Planning Vol. 1, No. 19. \r\nKellman, M. (1987). World Hunger: a neo-Malthusian Perspective. New York: Praeger. \r\nKeonig, H. G., McCollough, M.E. & Larson, D.B. (2001). Handbook of Religion and Health. Oxford University Press. \r\nKirchhoffer, D. G. (2013). Human Dignity in Contemporary Ethics. New York: Teneo Press. \r\nKitzinger, J. (2005). Focus group research: Using group dynamics to explore perceptions, experiences and understandings. In I. Holloway, (eds.) Qualitative Research in Health Care (pp.56-70). Maidenhead: Open University Press. \r\nKlasen S. (1994). “Missing women reconsidered” World Development Vol.22 (7). July. 1061-1071.\r\nKohler, H. P. Billari, F. C., and Ortega, J. A. (2002). “The emergency of lowest low fertility in Europe during the 1990s.” Population and Development Review 28(4): 641-680.\r\nKraly, E. P. (1998). “Population and Migration”, in Michael Snarr and D. Neil Snarr, eds. Introducing Global Issue, 137-156. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Reinnner Publishers. \r\nKrieken, R. Van (1990). ‘The Organization of the Soul: Elias and Foucault on Discipline and the Self’. European Journal of Sociology. 31/2: 353-71. \r\nKuhn, T. (1962). The Structure of Scientific Revolution Chicago: University of Chicago Press.\r\nKuhse, H. & Singer, P. eds. (2006) Bioethics: An Anthology Blackwell Publishing Ltd.\r\nKühl, S. (2013). For the Betterment of the Race: The Rise and Fall of the International Movement for Eugenics and Racial Hygiene. Palgrave Macmillan\r\nKunitz, S. J. (2007). The Health of Populations: General Theories and Particular Realities. Oxford University Press\r\nKukekov, V. G. Laywell, E. D. Suslov, O. Davies, K. Scheffler, B. Thomas, L. B. O’Brien, T. F. Kusakabe, M. Steindler, D. A. (1999). ‘Multi-potent Stem/Progenitor cell with similar properties Arise from Two Neurogenic Regions of Adult Human Brain’ Experimental Neurology Volume 156, Issue 2, April 1999. P333-344. \r\nLacy, L. (1990) ‘The New Generation of African Population Policies’(Eds.) \r\nNewbold, T. J. (1839). Political and Statistical Account of the British Settlements in the Straits of Malacca London: John Murray. The digital document of 1807-1850 is from the Goldsmith’s Library of University of London. \r\nLane, J. (1996) Apprenticeship in England, 1600-1914 University College of London Press.\r\nLawrence, B. (2005). Reasons U.S. Women Have Abortion: Quantitative and Qualitative Perspectives, New York: Guttmacher Institute. \r\nLe Grand, H. E. (Ed.) (1990). Experimental Enquiries. Kluwer Academic Publisher. \r\nLee, E. (2003). ‘Tension in the Regulation of Abortion in Britain’ Journal of Law and Society Volume 30, Number 4, December 2003. \r\nLee, K. Y. (1975). Excerpts of Speech by Mr. Lee Kuan Yew at the Commemwealth Heads of the Government Meeting in Kingston on 30, April 1976. E-document as PDF from National Archive of Singapore online.\r\nLeepak, L. (1985). The Poverty of Development Economics Untied States: Institute of Economic affairs. pp.5-7\r\nLevin, J. S. & Schiller, P. L. (1987). ‘Is There a Religious Factor in Health?’ Journal of Religion and Health Vol. 26. No. 1 (Spring, 1987). Pp. 9-36 \r\nLevin, D. & Wrightson, K. (1994). The Making of an Industrial Society: Whickham 1560-1765. Clarendon Press. \r\nLewis, J. (1994). ‘Gender, the Family and Women’s Agency in the Building of “Welfare State”: The British Case’, Social History 19: 37-55. \r\nLewis, J. (1996b). ‘Gender and Welfare in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries’ in Anne Digby and John Steward (eds) Gender, Health, and Welfare. London: Routledge. pp. 208-228. \r\nLiamputtong, P. (2011). Focus Goup Methodology: Principle and Practice. CA: Sage. \r\nLilian Golden Law Library of Yale Law School, The Code of Hammurabi translated by King, L. W. http://avalon.law.yale.edu/ancient/hamframe.asp\r\nLi, N., Feldman, M. W. and Li, S. (2000). “Cultural transmission in a demographic study of sex ratio at birth in China’s future”. Theoretical Population Biology 58 (2) 161-172. \r\nLi, N., Feldman, M. W. and Tuljarpurkar, S. (2000). “Sex ratio at birth and son preference” Mathematical Population Studies 8 (1). 91-107. \r\nLipset, S. M. (1959). “Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy” American Political Science Review 53 (March) 69-105. \r\nLi S., Feldman, M. W. and Jin X. (2004). “Children, marriage form and family support for the elderly in contemporary rural China” Research on Aging 26(3). 352-384. \r\nLivi-Bacci, M. (1997). A Concise History of World Population. 2nd edition. Malden Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers, Inc. \r\nLock, M. (1999). The Politics of Health, Identity and Culture in the book of Contrada, R. J. & Ashmore, R. D. (eds.) Self, Social Identity and Physical Health, New York: Oxford University Press.\r\nLoh, M.(1976). Beyond Family Planning: Measures in Singapore (A Country Paper Submitted for IGCC Workshop on Reducing Fertility Through Beyond Family Planning Measures-Penang Malaysia, 26-29 January, 1976) Singapore Family Planning & Population Board. \r\nLoudon, I. (Eds.) (1997) Western Medicine: An Illustrated History. Oxford University Press. \r\nLorain, J. A. (1977) ‘Doctors and Global Population Crisis’ British Medical Journal Vol. 2 pp.691-693.\r\nLuban, D. (2007). Legal Ethics and Human Dignity Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. \r\nLynch, G. (2005) Understanding Theology and Popular Culture. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.\r\nMacCormick, N. (2007). Institutions of Law: An Essay in Legal Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press. \r\nMacedo, S. (2000). “In Defense of Liberal Public Reason: Are Slavery and Abortion Hard Cases” in the book edited by Robert P. George and Christopher Wolfe. (2000). Natural Law and Public Reason. Georgetown University Press. \r\nMaienschein, J. (2014). Embryo under the Microscope: The Diverging Meanings of Life. Harvard University Press. \r\nMaienschein, J. (2014). ‘Politics in Your DNA: how the realities of biology complicate the “Personhood Movement”. Slate http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/future_tense/2014/06/personhood_movement_chimeras_how_biology_complicates_politics.single.html\r\nMalpas, J. & Lickiss, N. (2004). Perspectives on Human Dignity: A Conversation. Springer. \r\nMalthus, T.R. (1798/2007). An essay of the Principle of Population Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publication. \r\nMalthus, T. R. (1789). An Essay on the Principle of Population: as it affects the future improvement of society, with remarks on the speculations of Mr. Godwin, Mr. Condorcet and others writers. (electronic resource) London printed for Mr. Johnson.\r\nMandalios, J. (1996,2000). ‘Historical Sociology’ in the book Turner, B. (eds.) The Blackwell Companion to Social Theory. Blackwell Publishers Ltd. \r\nManning, P. (1992). Erving Goffman and Modern Sociology Stanford California: Stanford University Press. \r\nMarks, G. & Larry, D. (Eds.) (1992). Re-examining Democracy. Newbarry Park: Sage 93-139.\r\nMartin, S. C., Robert, Arnold, M. and Parker, R. M. (1988). “Gender and Medical socialization” Journal of Health and Social Behavior Vol.29 (December): 333-343.\r\nMarchetti, R. (2008). Global Democracy: Ethical Theory, Institutional Design and Social Struggle. Routledge. \r\nMarx, K. (1843). A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right, https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1843/critique-hpr/intro.htm\r\nMauldin, W. P. & Ross, J. A. (1991). “Family Planning Programs: Efforts and Results, 1982-1989” Studies of Family Planning Program Vol. 22 (6).\r\nMcKeown. T. (1976). The Modern Rise of Population. London: Edward Arnold. \r\nMcLaren, A., (1978). Birth Control in Nineteenth –century England Lodon.\r\nMcLaren, A., (1976). ‘Sex and Socialism: The Opposition of French Left to Birth Control in Nineteenth Century’. Journal of the History of Ideas. XXXVI. 475-92. .\r\nMcLaren, A., (1984). Reproductive Rituals: the Perception of Fertility in England from the Sixteenth to the Nineteenth Century London and New York. \r\nMcLaren, A., (1983). Sexuality and Social Order: the Debate over the Fertility of Women and Workers in France, 1770-1920. New York and London. \r\nMcLaren, A., (1978). ‘Abortion in France: Women and Regulation of Family Size, 1800-1914’. French Historical Studies.110-52.\r\nMead, G. H. (1934). Mind, Self and Society Chicago: University of Chicago Press. \r\nMead, M. (2001). Growing Up in New Guinea: A Comparative Study of Primitive Education New York: Harper Collins. \r\nMerton, R. K. (1987). The focus interview and focus groups: Continuities and discontinuities. Public Opinion Quarterly, 51(4), 550-556.\r\nMerton, R. K. with Marjorie Fiske, and Alberta Curtis 〔1946〕(1971). Mass Persuasion New York: Harper and Brose. Reprint Westport, CT. Greenworld Press.\r\nMiles, S. H. (2004) The Hippocratic Oath and the Ethics of Medicine, Oxford University Press. \r\nMill, J. S. (1869). On Liberty, http://www.bartleby.com/130/ \r\nMillett, K. (2000). Sexual Politics Urbana: University of Illinois Press. \r\nMinistry of Health of Singapore (2015). Guideline on Termination of Pregnancy\r\nhttps://www.moh.gov.sg/content/dam/moh_web/Legislations/Legislation%20And%20Guidelines/TOP_Guidelines%202015.pdf \r\nMitchell. J. (1971). “The Position of Women” Cottlieb, Roger S. (Eds.) An Anthology of Western Marxism: from Lukacs and Gramsci to Socialist-Feminism . Oxford University Press.\r\nMoore, G. B. (1997). Postcolonial Theory: Context, Practices and Politics. London and New York: Verso. \r\nMoore, K.L. Persaud, T. V. N. Torchia, M. G. (2015). The developing human: clinically oriented embryology. Philadelphia: Saunders. \r\nMoore, K. L. (2008) The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology. the 8th edition online pdf https://drive.google.com/folderview?id=0B3WdpdsqpX0LOXNQSm9oS2l0ZFU&usp=sharing&tid=0B3WdpdsqpX0Lay1HT1d5Yks5V0U&hc_location=ufi\r\nMoore, K. L.; Persaud, T. V. N.; Torchia, M. G. (2013). The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology 9th edition Google e-Books. \r\nMorgan, D. L. (1998). The Focus Group Guidebook Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.\r\nMorgan, D. L., & Spanish, M. T. (1984). Focus Groups: A new tool for qualitative research. Qualitative Sociology, 7(3) 253-270. \r\nNapier, S. (2008). Persons, Moral Worth and Embryos: A Critical Analysis of Pre-Choice Arguments Springer. \r\nNelson, E. (2013). Law, Policy and Reproductive Autonomy Oxford, Portland and Oregon: Hart Publishing. \r\nNewbold, J. (1839). Political and Statistical Account of the British Settlements in the Straits of Malacca London: John Murray. The digital document of the part 1807-1850 is quoted from Goldsmith Library of the University of London 1x 6. http://0-huso.stpi.nard.org.tw.jenda.lib.nccu.edu.tw/husoc/husokm\r\nNicoll, A. Eds. ( 1976) Shakespeare in His Own Age Cambridge University Press. \r\nNoonan, J. (1968). ‘Deciding who is human’ Natural Law Forum. \r\nNunn, J. F. (2002). Ancient Egyptian Medicine. University of Oklahoma Press. \r\nOhlander, A. S. (1991). ‘The Invisible Child? The Struggle for a Social Democratic Family Policy in Sweden, 1900-1960s’ in Gisela Bock and Par Thane, Maternity and Gender Policy: Women and the Rise of the European Welfare States 1880s-1950s. London: Routledge.\r\nPaden, W. E. (2009). ‘Reappraising Durkheim for the Study and Teaching of Religion’ in the book edited by Clarke Peter B. The Oxford Sociology of Religion. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. \r\nPanu, M. (2009). Contextualizing Family Planning: Truth, Subject, and the Other in the U.S. Government. Palgrave Macmillan. \r\nParsons, T. (1951). The Social System. Glence. Ill, Free Press. \r\nParsons, T. & Shils, E. (1990). “Values and Social System” inside the books edited by Alexander, Jeffrey and Seidman, Steven Culture and Society Contemporary Debates. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\r\nPorter, J. (1999). Natural and Divine Law: Reclaiming the Tradition for Christian Ethics William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company\r\nPorter, R. (1999). The Greatest Benefit to Mankind：A Medical History of Humanity New York, London：W. W. Norton & Company\r\nPsalm, 139. Bible. http://www.usccb.org/bible/psalms/139\r\nReport (1922). Report of the Fifth of International Neo-Malthusian and Birth Control Conference Kingsway Hall, London July 11th- 14th 1922 on the archive website: https://archive.org/details/reportoffifthint00inteuoft\r\nPetchesky, R. P. (1990). Abortion and Women’s Choice: The State, Sexuality, and Reproductive Freedom. Boston, Massachusetts: Northeastern University Press. \r\nPick, D. (1989). Faces of Degeneration: A European Disorder, c 1848-1918. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. \r\nPichon, J. (2006). ‘Does the Unborn Child Have a Right to Life? The Insufficient Answer to the European Court of Human Rights in Judgement Vo v. France’ German Law Journal Vol. 07. No. 04. 433-444. \r\nPlomer, A. & Tsarspatsanis, D. (2013). ‘The Asymmetry of Human Dignity as a Constitutional Value and Fundamental Human Right in Europe’ 12 Global Community YILJ (G. Ziccardi Capaldo ed., 2012) \r\nPorter, D. Eds. (1994). The History of Public Health and the Modern State. Editions Roddopi B. V., Amsterdam- Atlanta, GA. \r\nPorter, D. (1999). Health, Civilization and the State: A history of public health from ancient to modern times. London: Routledge. \r\nPorter, R. (1999). The Greatest Benefit to Mankind: A Medical History of Humanity New York, London: W. W. Norton & Company \r\nPoston, D. L. & Glover K. S. (2005). “Too many males: Marriage market implications of gender imbalance in China” Genus LXI(2). 119-140.\r\nPopper, K. (2002) The Logic of Scientific discovery (Routledge) Logik der Forschung first published in 1935 by Verlag von Julius Springer Vienna Austria; first English edition published by Hutchinson & Co. in 1959. First published by Routledge in 1992.\r\nPopper, K. (2004) Conjecture and Refutation: the Growth of Scientific Knowledge Routledge, first published by Routledge & Kegan Paul in 1963.\r\nPrioreschi, P.. (1999). A History of Medicine Vol I Primitive and Ancient Medicine. Horatius Press. \r\nPritchard, J. A. & Macdonald, P. C. (1976). Williams Obstetrics 15th edition. Meredith Corporation \r\nProceedings of the World Population Conference, Rome, 31 August-10 September 1954: Summary Report by World Population Conference (1954 Rome, Italy).1954, United Nations, Dept. of Economic and Social Affairs (New York) http://openlibrary.org/b/OL16827393M/Proceedings_of_the_World_Population_Conference_Rome_31_August-10_September_1954_summary_report\r\nJuylaert, J. B. C. M. M.D., Rutgers, Peter H. M.D, Lalisang, Roy I M.D., Vries, Bas C de M.D.Ph. D., Werf, Sjoerd D. J. van der M.D. Ph. D., Dorr, Joep P.J. M.D., Blok, Roeland A. P.R. M.D. Ph. D.(1987). ‘A Prospective Study of Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Appendicitis’ The New England Journal of Medicine. September 10 1987. 666-669.\r\nQuine, M. S. (1996). ‘Fathers of Nation: French pro-natalism during the Third Republic’ in the book of Population Politics in Twentieth Century Europe New York: Routledge \r\nRanderia, S. (2009). ‘Malthus versus Condorcet: Population Policy, Gender and Culture from an Ethnological Perspective’ in the book of Berking, Sabine & Zolkos, Magdalena (eds.) (2009). Between Life and Death: Governing Populations in the Era of Human Rights. Frankfurt am Main : Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften. \r\nRaven, P. H. & Johnson, G. B. (2002). Biology McGraw Hill 6th Edition \r\nRevenholt, R. T. (1991). “Pronatalist Zealotry and Population Pressure Conflict: How Catholic Seized Control of U.S. Family Planning Programs” Presentation at the Annual Meeting of Washington State Chapter of Zero Population Growth, Inc. in Seattle, Washington on 4 March 1991. http://www.population-security.org/rave-91-03.htm\r\n\r\nReimann, M. and Zekoll, J. (eds.) (2005). Introduction to German Law Kluwer Law International. \r\nRisse, T. (1999). “National Norms and Domestic Change: Arguing and Communicative Behavior in the Human Rights Area” Politics & Society, 27, 4: 529-559. \r\nRiddle, J. (1992). Contraception and Abortion from Ancient World to the Renaissance. Harvard University Press. \r\nRita, J. (2009). Human Rights and the Unborn Child. Netherland Martinus Nijhoff Publisher.\r\nReport of the fifth International Neo-Malthusian and Birth Control Conference, Kingsway Hall, London, July 11th to 14th, 1922 William Heinemann Medical Books, 1922\r\nRobert, G. Population Policy. New York Praeger Publishers, pp. 135-146.\r\nRossi, A. S. (1973).The Feminist papers: from Adams to de Beauvoir (Northeastern University Press) pp.522-536 \r\nRothman, L. (2015) ‘Was Iceland Really the First Nation to Legalize Abortion?’ TIME. Jan. 28 2015. http://time.com/3679288/iceland-abortion/\r\nSandel, M. J. (1984). Eds. Liberalism and its Critics Oxford: Basil Blackwell. \r\nSandel, M. (1994). “Political Liberaism”(Review of Rawls’ Political Liberalism), Harvard Law Review. 107. (1994), p.1791\r\nSanger, M. (1920) ‘Women and the New Race’ (Eds.) Powers, Meghan (206) The Abortion Rights Movement Thomson Gale, a part of Thomson Corporation pp.32-37 \r\nSalas, R. M. (1976). People: An International Choice and Multilateral Approach to Population. New York: Pergamon Press. \r\nSadler, T. W. (2012). Longman’s Medical Embryology. Wolters Kluwer, Philadelphia, Baltimore, New York, London, Buenos Aires, Hong Kong, Sydney, Tokyo: Lippincott William & Wilkins\r\nSaul, J. M. (2003). Feminism: Issues and Arguments. Oxford University Press.\r\nSaw, S. H. (1980). Population Control for Zero Growth in Singapore. Oxford University Press. \r\nSaw, S. H. (1999). The Population of Singapore ISEAS Publishing.\r\nSaw, S. H. (2007). The Population of Peninsular Malaysia Singapore: ISEAS Publishing. pp.318\r\nSaw, S. H. (2009)《新加坡人口研究》廈門大學出版社。\r\nSeckin, B.M.D.; Cicek, M. N. M.D.; Dikmen, A. U. M.D.; Bostanc, E. I. M.D.; Muftuoglu,K. H. M.D. (2016). ‘The Diagnostic Value of Sonography for Detecting Endometrial Pathologies in Postmenopausal Women with and without Bleeding’ Journal of Clinical Ultrasound. 9 February 2016. 339-346. \r\nSeltzer, J. R. (2002). The Origins and Evolution of Family Planning Programs in Developing Countries. Santa Monica, CA: RAND.\r\nSelya, R. M. (2004). Development and Demographic Change in Taiwan 1945-1995. World Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.\r\nSen, A. (1992). “Missing Women: social inequality out-weights women’s survival advantage in Asia and North Africa” British Medical Journal 304 (6827) 1297-1298. \r\nSen, A. (2001). “The Many Faces of Gender Inequality” The New Republic September 17, 35-40.\r\nSen, A. (2003). “Missing Women: Revisited reduction in female mortality has been counterbalanced by sex selective abortion” British Medical Journal 327 (7427) 1297-1298. \r\nSen, G. (1994). “Development, Population, and Environment: A Search for Balance” in Gita Sen, Adrienne Germain and Lincoln Chen, eds. Population Policies Reconsidered: Health, Empowerment, and Rights, 63-73. Boston, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. \r\nShorter, E. (1971). ‘Illegitimacy, Sexual Revolution and Social Change in Modern Europe’ , Journal of Interdisciplinary History, II 237-72. \r\nShaw, G. B. (1965). The Doctor’s Dilemma. Penguin Books. \r\nSikkink, K. (1998). “Transnational politics, international relations theory, and human rights: a new model of international politics is needed to explain the politics of human rights.” Political Science and Politics, 31, 3: 517-522. \r\nSimon, J. L. (1990) ‘The Population Establishment, corruption, and Reform’ (Eds.) Robert, Godfrey Population Policy. New York Praeger Publishers, pp. 39-58\r\nSimon, H. A. (1981). The Science of the Artificial Cambridge, MIT Press. \r\nSingh, J. S. eds. (1979). World Population Policies. New York: Praeger Publishers. \r\nSingh, H. (1990). ‘India’s High Fertility Despite Family Planning: An Appraisal’ (Eds.) Robert, Godfrey Population Policy. New York Praeger Publishers, pp. 121-133. \r\nSmith, D. (1991). The Rise of Historical Sociology. Cambridge: Polity Press. \r\nSmith, K. (2006). The Malthusian Controversy. Great Britain: Routledge & Taylor Francis Group. \r\nSmith, W. D. (2002). The Hippocratic Tradition. First published in 1979 by Cornell University Press. The electronic pdf is provided by Wesley D. Smith on internet. \r\nSoranus, (1956). Gynecology. Introduction written by Owsot Temkin Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.\r\nStarck, C. (2001). ‘Human Rights and Private Law in German Constitutional Development and in the Jurisdiction of the Federal Constitutional Court’ in the book edited by Friedmann, D. & Barak-Erez, D. Human Rights in Private Law. Hart Publishing. \r\nStatement of the United States of America at the United Nations International Conference on Population (Second Session), Mexico, D.F., August 6-13, 1984. Pet. App. 4a-5a, 53a-55a\r\nSteven P. W. (1990). “Institutionalizing Divergent Approaches in the Sociology of Health and Healing: A Review of Medical Sociology Readers” Teaching Sociology Vol. 18 (3). July, 1990. 377-384.\r\nSoranus, translated by Temkin, Owsei (1956). Soranus’ Gynecology. Johns Hopkins University Press. \r\nSpielvogel, J. J. (2011). West Civilization: A Brief History Pennsylvania State University Wadsworth Cengage Learning. \r\nSteiner, R. E. (1982). “Regular Interview: New Imagine Technologies: Their Relation to Conventional radiology” British Medical Journal Vol. 284, No. 6329 (May 29, 1982). Pp 1590-1592. \r\nSun, S. H. L. (2012). Population Policy and Reproduction in Singapore: Making Future Citizens London and New York: Routledge. \r\nTakeshita, J. (1964). ‘Taiwan: The Taichung Program of pre-Pregnancy Health’ Studies in Family Planning vol. 1, No.4. \r\nTeng, Y. M. ‘Ultra-low fertility in Singapore: Some observations.’ In: Gravin Jones, Paulin Tay Straughan, and Angelique Chan Eds. (2009). Ultra-low Fertility in Pacific Asia. New York Routledge.\r\nTilly, L. A., S., J. W. and Cohen, M. (1976). ‘Women’s Work and European Fertility Patterns’ Journal of of Interdisciplinary History, VI 447-77.\r\nTilly, L. A., and Scott, J. W., (1978). Women, Work and Family New York.\r\nTosi, H. L. & Steven, W. E. (1985). ‘The Effect of the Types and Amount of Information in Sex Discrimination Research: A Meta-Analysis’. Academy of Management Journal Vol. 28. No. 3 (Sep. 1985). 712-723.\r\nTong, R. (2009). Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction. Charlotte: University of North Carolina Westview Press. \r\nTurnbull, C. M. (1977). A History of Singapore 1819-1975 Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press. \r\nTsui, A. O. (2001). ‘Population policies, family planning programs and Fertility: The Record’ Population and Development Review Vol. 27. Supplement: Global Fertility Transition. Pp.184-204.\r\nUnderdown, D. (1987). Revel, Riot and Rebellion: Popular Politics and Culture in in England 1603-1660 Oxford University Press. \r\nUnited Nations. (1974). \"Report of the United Nations World Population Conference, 1974,\" Bucharest, 19-30 August. E.75.XIII.3. New York: United Nations.\r\nUsborne, Cornelie (2007) Culture of Abortion in Weimar Germany. Berghahn Books. \r\nBackground Document on the Population Programme of the United Nations ICPD Secretariat March 24, 1994.\r\nVeyne, P. (Eds.) (1987). A History of Private Life, The Belknap of Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England.\r\nVyleta, D. M. (2007). Crime, Jews, and News: Vienna 1895-1914. Berghahn Books. \r\nWaddington, K. (2011). An Introduction to Social History of Medicine : Europe since 1500. Palgrave Macmillan. \r\nWallis, T. (1969). Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (General), Vol. 132, No. 1 (1969), pp. 116-117 \r\nWarren, M. A. (1973). “On the Moral and Legal Statues of Abortion.” The Monist Vol.57 (4).\r\nWarren, M. A. (1997). Moral Status: Obligation to Persons and Other Living Things. Oxford [England] Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press. \r\nWatson, J. D. & Berry, A. (2006). DNA: The Secret of Life. New York: Knopf. \r\nWestley S. B. (1995). “Evidence Mounts for sex selective abortion in Asia” Asia Pacific Population Policy May-June (34) 1-4.\r\nWilkinson, S. (2004). Focus groups: A Feminist method. In S.N. Hesse-Biber & M. L. Yaiser (eds.) Feminist perspective on social research (pp.271-296). New York: Oxford University Press.\r\nWilkinson, R. G. & Pickett, K. (2006). ‘Income Inequality and Population Health: A Review and Explanation of the Evidence’ Social Science and Medicine Volume 62, Issue 7, April 2006, pp1768-1784. \r\nWilson, C. (1999). “Evolutionary Theory and Historical Fertility Change” Population and Development Review. Vol. 25. No. 3. September 1999. 531-541. \r\nWilson, J. B. ‘Long-Term Care: Dose Religious Affiliated Matter’ in the book of Bane, M. J.,Cffin, B.; Higgins, R. edited (2005). Taking Faith Seriously. Harvard University Press.\r\nWilliams, C. K., J. & Henderson, L. (2003). ‘Envisaging the embryo in stem cell research: rhetorical strategies and media reporting of the ethical debates’ Sociology of Health and Illness. Vol. 25. No. 7. 793-814. \r\nWood, A. (1999). The Politics of Social Conflict: The Peak Country 1520-1770. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore: Cambridge University Press. \r\nWu, C. H. J. (1955). Fountain of Justice: A Study on the Natural Law New York: Sheed and Ward. \r\nZell, M. (1994). Industry in the Countryside: Wealden Society in the Sixteenth Century Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. \r\nZeng Y. P., T. Baochang G. Yi, X., Bohua L. and Yongping L. (1993). “Causes and implications of the increase in China’s reported sex ratio at birth”. Population and Development Review 19(2). 283-302.\r\nZorea, A. W. (2012). Birth Control. Greenwood ABC ClIO LLC. \r\nZuckerman, H. (1972). Interviewing an ultra-elite. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36, 159-175. | 描述: | 博士 國立政治大學 國家發展研究所 97261505 |
資料來源: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097261505 | 資料類型: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | 學位論文 |
Files in This Item:
| File | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 150501.pdf | 1.6 MB | Adobe PDF2 | View/Open |
Google ScholarTM
Check
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.