中共網際網路管制之研究 —以習近平建立網路主權為例

Abstract

21世紀是資訊化時代，資訊成為國家重要的戰略資源之一。中國大陸於1994年發展網際網路以來，目前是世界上擁有最多網路用戶的國家，政府如何管理這群龐大的網民，以防止網路訊息和資訊危害共產政權，成為習近平面臨的重大挑戰。\n 本研究首先說明中國大陸發展網際網路的原因，並藉由官方調查報告分析現況以及產生的影響。接著比較習近平上任前後時期，中共當局對於網際網路管制的政策有何不同，進而了解習近平自上任總書記後，為何強化中國大陸網際網路管理規範，建立資訊傳播秩序並提倡網路主權，將網路安全納入國家戰略。研究結果發現習近平透過控制境內、外網路資訊，推動建構符合中國社會主義特色的網路主權對於管制網路頗有成效，影響全球網路架構及規範，成為其他國家相繼模仿的網路管理趨勢。

The 21st century is the era of information. Information has become one of the important strategic resources of countries. China has the largest number of netizens in the world in 2017, and it becomes a challenge of Chinese authorities. How this authoritarian government deals with such a group of large netizens to prevent information of internet against the Communist regime? Since Xi Jinping chaired the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, several internet censoring standards, has been proposed helping establish an order of information dissemination, promote internet sovereignty and build internet security into the national strategy. \n This thesis discusses how Xi Jinping promotes internet sovereignty through the control of domestic and foreign internet information with the characteristics of China`s socialism, and how it could be possible that China’s model become universal example for other political leaders when they are trying to control civil freedom via internet.