多地共構的華語語系文學：以馬華文學的台灣境遇為例

Abstract

當代華語語系研究強調中華文化飄洋過海至異地，衍生出與中國文化大相逕庭的在地化面貌。儘管史書美的「後殖民抵抗論」和王德威的「後遺民傳承論」看似相左，兩人皆重視在地性（place-basedness），關懷中華文化與在地文化變貌之間的辯證張力。這篇文章試圖指出，我們不可小看「地方」的影響力，但倘若將華語語系文學視為單一地方的文化生產（one place-based production）恐怕流於簡化，忽略華語語系文學是多地共構的文學生產（places-based production）。這篇文章意欲以馬華文學在台灣文學獎場域的境遇為例，勾勒多地共構的華語語系文學圖像，重新思考華語語系文學的特質。

Sinophone studies tend to conceptualize ＂Sinophone＂ in terms of the dialectics between the dominant Chinese culture and its local variations in the Sinophone world. The importance of place-basedness is often underscored. Though seemingly opposed, both Shih Shu-mer`s call for ＂postcolonial resistance against diaspora＂ and Wang David`s theorization of ＂post-Ioyalism＂ treats ＂Sinophone＂ as a hybridized, heterogenous, and place-based production that is distinctive from the authentic Chinese culture. This article argues for the consideration of Sinophone literature as mu lti ple places-based production, and challenges the dominant discussions of (one) place-basedness, To illustrate the multiple places-based production in a transnational context, it examines the reception and reproduction of Sinophone Malaysian literature in Taiwanese literary awards and poses timely inquiries into the definition of Sinophone literature.