International Law and Recent Criminal Legislation in Taiwan

Abstract

本文討論我國近期的刑事立法趨勢，尤其著重近期以國際法規範作為參考立法重點的發展狀況，分析國際法規範如何影響我國刑事立法，進而審視刑事立法者的因應策略。雖然我國長期以來缺乏國際參與，但因自身賦予期待或區域發展需求等政治壓力理由，我國仍試圖讓內國刑事法與國際法規範相互整合。不過這種發展可能帶來刑事責任的不合理擴張。本文將相關整合方式區別為三類，包括理由參考型、內國施行法型與區域組織型，且個別地討論整合過程中，立法者如何兼顧刑事法的基本原則與國際法規範的整合期待，最後並一併評釋組織犯罪防制條例、兒童及少年性剝削防制條例、貪污治罪條例、洗錢防制法、資恐防制法等新近刑事立法，或者尚未立法、但可能發展的立法走向，此外也兼及公民政治與權利公約的刑事司法實踐議題。

This article aims to explore the recent criminal legislation in the light of the impacts from international law’s adaption. The main point will focus on the influence of international law on Taiwan’s criminal law as well as the responding strategies of Taiwan’s legislators. Although Taiwan lacks in international participation, the Taiwanese legislator still tries to incorporate international law into the provisions of criminal code. However, this development might bring about the illegitimate expansion of criminal sanctions. In order to restrict the punishment, the author classifies incorporation of international law into criminal legislation as three different modes, including a reason reference model, an implement act model and a district organization model, then discussing how the Taiwanese legislator could face the political pressure of incorporation of international law on the one hand. In addition to the abstract discussions of theoretical aspects, the author will also comment the recent criminal legislation on Organized Crime Prevention Act, Child and Youth Sexual Exploitation Prevention Act, Anti-Corruption Act, Money Laundering Control Act, Terrorism Financing Prevention Act as well as the interpretation of ICCPR in Taiwan’s criminal practice.