近代中國「民族主義」一詞的興起與演變─以1901至1935年為限

Abstract

本文藉由中國近現代思想史專業數據庫（1830－1930）搜尋出1000 多條「民族主義」辭彙，分析1901－1935年間「民族主義」一詞出現次數及運用的情形，以探討近代中國「民族主義」語彙的興起與演變。內容主要是從歷史背景、語意溯源、定義主旨三方面著手，先探討清末報刊文獻如何介紹西方的「民族主義」一詞，再者，針對近代中國知識分子如何運用「民族主義」不同的功能類型，以達鼓吹、激發愛國情志，或是建立新國家的概念，甚或以為「民族主義」是舊時宗法社會的代名詞等等。最後，歸納「民族主義」一詞，討論其亦影響近代中國「國家」觀念與認同的形成，並完成了具「現代性」的轉化。

This paper explores the emergence and evolution of the word ”nationalism” in by searching the database of ”Idea History” and analyzing how many times the word ”nationalism” appears in 1901-1935. This study focuses on historical background, the history of word meaning and definition with theme. It will discuss how newspapers in the late Ch’ing Dynasty introduces Western notion of ”nationalism.” It will also examines how the Chinese intellectuals how to take advantage of various functions of ”nationalism” to encourage national sentiments, establish the idea of ”new nation” and equate ”nationalism” as the substitute of patriarchal society in the past. Finally, it discusses how the word ”nationalism” influences China’s notion of nation and the construction of identity and completes the transformation of modernity.