國際關係中的外資和勞工爭議安全化: 台灣資本在越南

Abstract

當前和未來世界經濟的高度一體化促使人們研究各國經濟如何相互作用以及增加外國投資是否會構成國家安全威脅等根本問題。雖然國家維持主要的勞動力，資本，工會和政府的角色，然而外國直接投資進一步加劇了這種關係。例如，越南從台灣獲得大量外國直接投資可能會影響其外交關係。\n由於政府承受維持對外國投資具有吸引力的經濟環境的壓力，因此對這些外國公司實施勞工標準和處理頻繁罷工表現出對現狀的不滿的動機有限。\n\n本文基於王（2005b）論文的結論進行擴展，結果發現越南政府因害怕得罪外國企業而不願大力支持工會，本文主要關注在1986年至2004年間作為越南經濟中最重要投資者的台灣外國直接投資。使用哥本哈根學院的證券化理論，並且通過增加外國直接投資在一些案例研究中處理Buzan，Wæver和De Wilde（1998）的證券化過程。此外，本研究包括與在越南工作的台灣公司經理進行的訪談，以深入了解投資的近期影響。最終，本文以臺灣和越南的案例, 將外國金融影響作為國家安全關注的問題加以推廣。\n\nWang, Hong-zen. "Asian transnational corporations and labor rights: Vietnamese trade unions in Taiwan-invested companies." Journal of Business Ethics 56.1 (2005): 43-53.\nBuzan, B., Wæver, O., & De Wilde, J. (1998). Security: a new framework for analysis.: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

The current and future integration of the world’s economy has spurred research into the very fundamental question of how countries’ economies will interact and whether or not increased foreign investment may be a security threat. Although the key labor, capital, union, and government roles are maintained, the role of foreign direct investment has further added to this relationship. Vietnam, for example, receives significant foreign direct investment from Taiwan that may influence foreign relations. Due to pressure on the government to maintain an economic environment attractive to foreign investment, there is only a limited incentive to enforce labor standards on such foreign companies and frequent strikes exhibit dissatisfaction with the status quo.\n\nThis paper extends upon the results of Wang (2005b), which finds the Vietnamese government hesitant to strongly support trade unions for fear of offending foreign business and will focus primarily on Taiwanese foreign direct investment as the most substantial investor in the Vietnamese economy between 1986 and 2016. It then applies the Copenhagen School’s Securitization Theory and addresses the Securitization Process of Buzan, Wæver, and De Wilde (1998) through increased foreign direct investment in a number of case studies. It also includes a small set of interviews with managers of Taiwanese firms working in Vietnam to give insight into more recent implications of investment. Ultimately, this paper promotes foreign financial influence as a state security concern in the case of Taiwan and Vietnam.\n\nWang, Hong-zen. "Asian transnational corporations and labor rights: Vietnamese trade unions in Taiwan-invested companies." Journal of Business Ethics 56.1 (2005): 43-53.\nBuzan, B., Wæver, O., & De Wilde, J. (1998). Security: a new framework for analysis.: Lynne Rienner Publishers.