原住民族新聞學在台灣：原住民族電視台的生產與實作

Abstract

原住民族媒體肩負著原住民族參與公眾討論、存續族群文化的使命，近年逐漸受到重視。2005年開播的原住民電視台象徵落實原住民族傳播權利、彰顯族群主體性，是族群語言與文化的存續手段之一。新聞是原視節目的代表，比例達每月新製節目之八成，人力佔總員工數四成。這個特徵呼應了海外原住民族媒體的發展趨勢，論者緣此提出原住民族新聞學理論，本文遂能藉以檢視原視每日新聞與族語新聞，將其置放於原著民族媒體生態、組織發展歷程與結構配置之脈絡中，探問原視新聞實作與價值之社會意義與理論內涵。\n論文發現，側身台灣眾多電視新聞頻道的原視新聞，由於具有三個特徵而獨具一格：就地配置記者以儘量讓不同族群得以發聲、鼓勵族人現身說法以呈顯原住民觀點，積極運用新聞復振族群語言及展現族群文化。這些有限但值得肯定的成績足以作為基礎，研究者可以進而探究原住民族新聞學內涵，一方面整合原住民族媒體的多種特性並賦予實作的定向，另一方面原視的社會境況與組織現實，以及原住民新聞工作者之實作經驗，也提供了豐富原住民族新聞學內涵不可或缺的養分。

Indigenous media may be defined as media conceptualized, produced, and circulated by indigenous peoples with the purpose of political self-determination, public participation, language preservation, and cultural sovereignty. Especially, Indigenous news media have experienced significant growth worldwide in recent years. Although the indigenous journalism is playing an arguably important role in contributing to Indigenous politics and identities, they have received only limited attention in mainstream society, journalism and communication research community, thus is worthy of closer analysis,\nFollowing the research approach advocated by Folker Hanusch, this dissertation examined the news production and practice of Taiwan Indigenous Television(TITV), the most significant and influential indigenous media in Taiwan. Using multi-literal review, field observation, and interviews, I attempt to show TITV spreads journalists in different tribes in order to meet the need of every tribe to engage public discussion. In addition, TITV encourages tribe people to be the interviewee to represent indigenous perspectives that against the negative stereotype produced by the mainstream news organization. Furthermore, TITV also dedicates to product indigenous language news programme for language preservation and education. Similar practices could be found in other national indigenous television such as APTN in Canada and Maori Television in New Zealand, but the experiences of TITV are still unique because of the its special social context and news television environment in Taiwan. Therefore, the production and practice of TITV could enrich the research area of indigenous journalism.