重新審視印尼與台灣的合作：一個歷史制度的視角

Abstract

印尼與台灣之間缺乏外交承認並不妨礙兩個實體在各個領域的合作。台北經濟貿易辦事處（TETO）和印度尼西亞經濟貿易辦事處（IETO）等機構渠道的存在使印尼和台灣能夠保持互動。實際上，機構渠道起著舉足輕重的作用，但目前缺乏關注這一機構渠道的研究。過去的研究強調國內情況，國家利益或國際社會的變化，但從未在評估印尼與台灣關係時討論制度問題。\n\n本研究試圖從制度角度分析印尼與台灣的關係，尋求機構渠道的建立，加強合作的作用以及對印尼和台灣合作的影響。為了找到答案，本研究將採用歷史制度主義理論，其中以關鍵時刻和路徑依賴為主要變量。\n\n本研究使用IETO和TETO的案例研究作為方法。通過定量和定性方法收集數據。定量地，將利用官方文本的內容分析和收集現有的二級數據來收集所有相關數據。通過深入訪談和政策分析收集定量數據，以獲得印尼與台灣關係決策者，官員和專家的主要數據。\n\n本研究認為，印度 - 台灣的製度性渠道是通過過去發生的一系列事件建立起來的，這些事件迄今為止產生了路徑依賴。路徑依賴允許機構渠道創造互利合作而不損害彼此的利益。此外，機構渠道使印度尼西亞和台灣能夠根據機構渠道本身質量的提高獲得更多合作。

The absence of diplomatic recognition between Indonesia and Taiwan does not hinder both entities to secure cooperation in various fields. The existence of the institutional channel, namely Taipei Economic and Trade Office (TETO) and Indonesia Economic and Trade Office (IETO), makes it possible for Indonesia and Taiwan to maintain interaction. Indeed, the institutional channel plays a pivotal role but there is a lack of research focusing on this institutional channel at this time. Past researches emphasized on either the domestic situation, national interests, or changing of international community, but never discussed the institutional matters in assessing Indonesia and Taiwan relation.\n\nThis research attempts to analyze Indonesia-Taiwan relation from institutional perspective by seeking clarification on the establishment of the institutional channel, its role to increase the cooperation as well as its impact to Indonesia and Taiwan’s cooperation. In order to find the answers, this research will employ historical institutionalism theory, which consists of critical juncture and path dependence as the main variables.\n\nThis research is using a case study of IETO and TETO as the methodology. Data is collected through quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitatively, a content analysis of official texts and collecting existing secondary data will be utilized to collect all relevant data. The quantitative data is gathered through in-depth interview and policy analysis in order to obtain primary data from the policy makers, officials, and experts of Indonesia-Taiwan relation.\n\nThis research argues that Indonesia-Taiwan institutional channel was established through a series of event occurred in the past which created path dependence among them up to now. The path dependence allows the institutional channel to create mutually beneficial cooperation without harming each other’s interests. Additionally, the institutional channel enables Indonesia and Taiwan to secure more cooperation in line with the increasing quality of the institutional channel itself.