優勢觀點在軍隊社會工作應用之初探

Abstract

軍隊社會工作實務當今面臨的困境包含問題取向的處遇模式未能根本提升案主的適應能力，以及僅能仰賴醫療體系的協助而衍生工作者的無力感，這些現象在在顯示沿用傳統社會工作方法已經無法處理這些實務困境。優勢觀點在國外發展迄今逾三十年，在國內推行也已十五餘年，已有諸多研究呈現其實務成果。筆者主張優勢觀點對人抱持正向信念、強調人的主體性、平權的夥伴關係、以及案主為指導者等工作原則有助於改善軍隊社會工作實務現況；除介紹該觀點相關內涵與實務策略外，進一步論述優勢觀點工作原則如何運用於具有獨特體制的軍隊組織中，進而創造整體輔導環境的提升。

Currently, the military social work practice has faced many difficulties-the problem-based treatments that could not truly enhance clients` social adaptation as well as reliance on the assistance from a medical system that sometimes makes military social workers feel powerless. These phenomena reveal the fact that the existing intervention models are not useful enough to deal with many issues that the clients are now encountering in the military. The strengths perspective has been applied in the field of social work in Taiwan for about 15 years and has shown its pragmatic value. The perspective holds strong faith in people`s potential, emphasizes the subjectivity of people, and builds partnership between workers and clients. Also, the perspective maintains that clients are a director of the helping processes. We outline and discuss the ways that the six principles of the perspective can be applied in the military. Furthermore, we argue that the strengths perspective can be advantageous to improve the entire military social work environment.