金融風暴後歐盟經濟治理改革之探討

Abstract

自2009年爆發的希臘債信風暴，接著在2010年5月初引起歐元危機嚴重衝擊歐洲貨幣同盟的法律基礎與組織結構，嚴重的衝擊全球的金融市場穩定。2011年3月24日與25日，歐洲高峰會議通過決議改革歐洲貨幣同盟（European Monetary Union）與設立歐洲穩定機制（European Stability Mechanism）、以及提出歐元公約（Euro Pact）等，以新的經濟治理模式公布一系列的措施，以期能儘速解決目前的危機，並且加強監督措施以預防危機惡化，期能儘速走出困境。在全球化的潮流下，一國的經濟危機已經足以影響全球經濟的穩定發展，自2008年以來的美國次級房貸引發的金融海嘯與接續的歐洲債信風暴已經深深影響全球的經濟穩定與發展，對於歐元區的法律規範，國內一向鮮少討論，本文將試著從歐洲聯盟的基礎條約中探究歐洲貨幣同盟的法律基礎與近來一連串的經濟治理改革，主要以歐盟官方文件與最近的協議內容為本文的文獻來源，以便國內讀者認識歐元區的運作機制，及其在國際金融體系的意義。

The Greece`s debt crisis and the sequent Euro crisis have impacted not only on the legal basis and the institutional structure of the European Monetary Union, but also on the stability of the global financial market. The European Council approved decisions on 24^(th) and 25^(th) March 2011 to reform the European Monetary Union, to establish the European Stability Mechanism and to submit the Euro Pact. A new model of the economic governance has taken a series of reform measures in order to solve the current financial crisis and to strengthen the financial supervisory system. With the globalization, the economic crisis of one country might have contagion effects and can impact on the stability of the global economic development. The American sub-primary mortgage crisis and the Euro crisis have deep and wide impact on the global financial stability and economic development. This essay works on the legal basis of the European Monetary Union as background. It also focuses on the reform of the economic governance in order to describe the operation in the European Area and its signification to the international financial system.