Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/122797| 題名: | 價格離散的解析：以2009年至2013年中國乘用車市場為例 Analysis of Price Dispersion: A Case Study of China`s Passenger Car Market from 2009 to 2013 |
作者: | 李柏德 Li, Bo-De |
貢獻者: | 胡偉民 Hu, Wei-Min 李柏德 Li, Bo-De |
關鍵詞: | 中國乘用車市場 價格離散 戴爾指數 特徵價格法 China`s passenger car market Price dispersion Theil index Hedonic prices |
日期: | 2019 | 上傳時間: | 1-Apr-2019 | 摘要: | 以往對汽車價格離散的研究，多以複數國家為標的，國家不同導致的各種因素也帶來了價格離散。中國汽車市場雖處於單一國家內，仍因其配銷模式、物流成本及區域經濟環境差異而使市場分割。即使近年中國法規鬆綁且汽車交易資訊的取得難度降低，市場卻沒有整合的趨勢。本文分析2009年至2013年中國36個主要城市的汽車銷售價格，藉由觀察汽車銷售價格的離散程度和成因，解釋為何廠商在各地的定價能力沒有減弱。結果顯示，因為中國各地的所得差異和廠商提供商品數量的不同，而得以維持中國汽車市場的分割。\n本文觀察到中國乘用車價格指數逐年下降，同時價格離散程度卻持續擴大，惟幅度較研究期間前縮減。藉由戴爾指數分析得知，價格離散主要源自各經濟分區的區間的差異，而非區內差異。且汽車實體特徵對銷售價格有顯著正向的貢獻，產銷兩地的距離則無。在分析價格離散的跨期變化時，經由模型推導出價格離散跨期變動主要受區域間跨期所得差異變動、及區域間跨期競爭程度差異變動影響，即價格離散程度的跨期變動受所得效果及競爭效果影響。利用兩階段系統性一般動差法，得知在所得效果、相似車種競爭效果的絕對值增加時，會對價格離散跨期變動造成顯著並正向的影響。 Previous studies on car price dispersion are mostly based on plural countries, caused by various factors concerning boundaries. China`s auto market, though in a single country, is still segmented in view of distribution method, logistics cost and regional economic environment difference. Despite an easier access to trading information and the loosening regulations, China`s auto market has yet been integrated. This thesis will analyze the automobile sales prices in 36 major cities in China from 2009 to 2013. The price dispersion of China`s auto market and its causes explain why manufacturers can retain the pricing power, and the income inequality and manufacturing quantity explain why China`s auto market can remain segmented.\nThe result shows that China`s passenger car price index has declined while the price dispersion continues to expand, only with a slower growth compared to the previous period. According to the Theil Index analysis, price dispersion is primarily rooted in differences between economic regions, rather than within them. Moreover, it is the physical characteristic of the cars that has a significant positive impact on the sales price, not the distance of location between production and marketing. Intertemporal changes of price dispersion are found to be affected mostly by inter-regional variation of intertemporal income difference and competition difference. That is, it is affected by the income effect and the competition effect. With the two-stage system GMM, the increase in the absolute value of the intertemporal difference on income effect and competition effect on similar vehicles is inferred to have a significant positive impact on the intertemporal changes of price dispersion. |
參考文獻: | 王軍雷與田莉等 (2013)，《中國汽車工業年鑒》。\n吳小珍，李表奎，董紫嫣，李博星與詹俊 (2014)，「基於SPFA的整車物流運輸線路及運輸方式的優化及求解」，《物流工程與管理》，5，176－178。\n李京文與姚蔚 (2004)，「發展我國自主汽車工業的戰略選擇」，《中國軟科學》，5，5－10。\n李瑩，朱守勝與劉通 (2014)，「我國汽車物流業發展現狀及對策研究」，《物流科技》，37(12)，90－92。\n夏樂生 (2005)，「産業政策與産業發展的關聯－以大陸汽車産業爲例」，《 東亞研究》，36(1)，173－225。\n孫遇春與金麒 (2000)，「加入WTO對中國汽車產業的影響」，《復旦學報：社會科學版》，2，1－9。\n郭克莎 (2001)，「加入WTO之後中國汽車工業面臨的影響及應對思路」，《中國工業經濟》，10，22－32。\n馮星光與張曉靜 (2005)，「基於廣義熵指數的地區差距測度與分解：1978～2003」，《統計與資訊理論壇》，20(4)，24－29。\n楊沿平，唐傑與周俊 (2006)，「我國汽車產業自主創新現狀，問題及對策研究」，《中國軟科學》，3，11－16。\n萬廣華 (2008)，「不平等的度量與分解」，《經濟學（季刊）》，8(1)，348－368。\n魯鳳與徐建華 (2004)，「中國區域經濟差異：來自Gini係數和Theil係數的實證」，《中國東西部合作研究》，1(1)，60－85。\n錢振為 (2004)，《21世紀中國汽車產業》，北京理工大學出版社，11，204－212。\n魏娟 (2007)，「中國轎車工業競爭策略分析」，《統計與決策》，13，51－53。\nAncarani, F. and V. Shankar (2004), “Price Levels and Price Dispersion Within and Across Multiple Retailer Types: Further Evidence and Extension,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 32(2), 176.\nArellano, M. and O. Bover (1995), “Another Look at the Instrumental Variable Estimation of Error-components Models,” Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), 29－51.\nArellano, M. and S. Bond (1991), “Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations,” The Review of Economic Studies, 58(2), 277－297.\nAsplund, M. and R. Friberg (2001), “The Law of One Price in Scandinavian Duty-free Stores,” American Economic Review, 91(4), 1072－1083.\nBlundell, R. and S. Bond (1998), “Initial Conditions and Moment Restrictions in Dynamic Panel Data Models,” Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), 115－143.\nCecchetti, S. G., N. C. Mark, and R. J. Sonora (2002), “Price Index Convergence among United States Cities,” International Economic Review, 43(4), 1081－1099.\nCeglowski, J. (2003), “The Law of One Price: Intranational Evidence for Canada,” Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d`économique, 36(2), 373－400.\nDelgado, J. and M. Waterson (2003), “Tyre Price Dispersion Across Retail Outlets in the UK,” The Journal of Industrial Economics, 51(4), 491－509.\nEngel, C. and J. H. Rogers (1996), “How Wide is the Border,” American Economic Review, 86, 5, 1112– 1125.\nEngel, C. and J. H. Rogers (2001), “Violating the Law of One Price: Should We Make a Federal Case Out of It? ,” Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 33, 1, 1–15.\nFrankel, J. A. and A. K. Rose (1996), “A Panel Project on Purchasing Power Parity: Mean Reversion Within and Between Countries,” Journal of International Economics, 40, 2, 209–24.\nGaulier, G. and S. Haller (2000), The Convergence of Automobile Prices in the European Union: An Empirical Analysis for the Period 1993－1999, Paris: CEPII.\nGil-Pareja, S. and S. Sosvilla-Rivero (2008), “Price Convergence in the European Car Market,” Applied Economics, 40(2), 241－250.\nGoldberg, P. K. and F. Verboven (2001), “The Evolution of Price Dispersion in the European Car Market,” The Review of Economic Studies, 68(4), 811－848.\nGoldberg, P. K. and F. Verboven (2005), “Market Integration and Convergence to the Law of One Price: Evidence from the European Car Market,” Journal of International Economics, 65(1), 49－73.\nHaskel, J. and H. Wolf (2001), “The Law of One Price - A Case Study,” Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 103(4), 545－558.\nHayes, K. J. and L. B. Ross (1998), “Is Airline Price Dispersion the Result of Careful Planning or Competitive Forces? ,” Review of Industrial Organization, 13(5), 523－541.\nHerrmann-Pillath, C., D. Kirchert and J. Pan (2002), “Disparities in Chinese Cconomic Development - Approaches on Different Levels of Aggregation,” Economic Systems, 26, 1, 31–54.\nHolweg, M., J. Luo and N. Oliver (2008), “The Past, Present and Future of China`s Automotive Industry: A Value Chain Perspective,” International Journal of Technological Learning, Innovation and Development, 2(1－2), 76－118.\nKaplan, G. and G. Menzio (2015), “The Morphology of Price Dispersion,” International Economic Review, 56(4), 1165－1206.\nLach, S. (2002), “Existence and Persistence of Price Dispersion: An Empirical Analysis,” Review of Economics and Statistics, 84(3), 433－444.\nLancaster, K. J. (1966), “A New Approach to Consumer Theory,” Journal of Political Economy, 74(2), 132－157.\nLiu, W. and P. Dicken (2006), “Transnational Corporations and ‘Obligated Embeddedness’: Foreign Direct Investment in China`s Automobile Industry,” Environment and Planning A, 38(7), 1229－1247.\nLutz, M. (2004), “Pricing in Segmented Markets, Arbitrage Barriers, and the Law of One Price: Evidence from the European Car Market,” Review of International Economics, 12(3), 456－475.\nMatas, A. and J. L. Raymond (2009), “Hedonic Prices for Cars: An Application to the Spanish Car Market, 1981–2005,” Applied Economics, 41(22), 2887－2904.\nMileva, E. (2007), “Using Arellano-Bond Dynamic Panel GMM Estimators in Stata,” Economics Department, Fordham University, 1－10.\nNam, K. M. (2011), “Learning Through the International Joint Venture: Lessons from the Experience of China’s Automotive Sector,” Industrial and Corporate Change, 20(3), 855－907.\nParsley, D. C. and S. J. Wei (1996), “Convergence to the Law of One Price Without Trade Barriers or Currency Fluctuations,” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 111(4), 1211－1236.\nQiu, L. D. (2005), “China’s Automotive Industry,” Hong Kong: Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.\nReiff, A. and F. Rumler (2014), “Within-and Cross-country Price Dispersion in the Euro Area,” ECB Working Paper Series, No. 1742.\nRodrik, D. (2000), “How Far Will International Economic Integration Go? ,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 14(1), 177－186.\nRosen, S. (1974), “Hedonic Prices and Implicit Markets: Product Differentiation in Pure Competition,” Journal of Political Economy, 82(1), 34－55.\nTaylor, A. M. and M. P. Taylor (2004), “The Purchasing Power Parity Debate,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18(4), 135－158.\nTheil, H. (1967), Economics and Information Theory, Amsterdam, NorthHolland.\nVerboven, F. (1996), “International Price Discrimination in the European Car Market,” The RAND Journal of Economics, 240－268.\nYu, L., J. Lu and P. Luo (2013), “The Evolution of Price Dispersion in China`s Passenger Car Markets,” The World Economy, 36(7), 947－965. | 描述: | 碩士 國立政治大學 財政學系 1042550241 |
資料來源: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1042550241 | 資料類型: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | 學位論文 |
Files in This Item:
| File | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 024101.pdf | 954.67 kB | Adobe PDF2 | View/Open |
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.