歐洲聯盟東向擴張的程序、挑戰與前景

Abstract

歐洲聯盟自一九九五年一月一日由十二國擴張為十五個成員國後，早已成為世界上僅次於美國第二大規模政治經濟體。隨著蘇聯瓦解，中歐東歐諸國重歸自由民主體制，如何順利地接納中東歐十國整合入歐盟，便成了共同體進期和未來三年所面臨最大的機會與挑戰。鑑於歐盟成員國之間的經濟和法律網絡至為密切，在農業、外貿、交通、環保，甚至於內政、司法和外交安全各方面都有協調的共同政策與明確的權利義務，所以其間涉及的加盟條件、標準與入會程序，都與一班國際組織有極大不同。而在十國準備入會工做階段所引起的政治經濟等國際問題，亦為世人所關切和矚目。本文即就著上述各要點做深入的探討和分析。

On January 1st 1995, the European Union (EU) increased the number of member states from 12 to 15, thus consolidating her place as the second largest politico-economical entity second only to the United States. Since the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, the middle and eastern European countries (MEECs) have restored their democratic institutions and have begun to press for membership in the EU. Such an enlaigement would mean both opportunities and challenges for the EU in the years to come. The economic and legal relationships among the EU members are very intensive. The rights and duties of members with respect to agricultural, trade transportation, and even interior and judicial policies are strictly defined. As a result, the conditions, criteria, and procedures for joining the community are quite different from that of other international organizations. This paper will discuss the above and other issues related to the MEECs application to join the EU.