非營利組織參與治安政策之研究

Abstract

近年來由於台灣社會治安逐漸惡化，若干非營利組織基於社會意識，或呼應政府「全民治安、警民共治」之理念，對警察治安政策的形成，乃至於執行，均發揮某種程度的影響力。基此，本研究擬嘗試檢視這些參與治安政策的非營利組織，瞭解其運作情形及對治安政策之形成所造成的影響，以對我國治安政策形成的理論與實務有所助益。本文以「台灣政策研究院文教基金會」等10個非營利組織為研究個案，進行非營利組織參與治安政策之實證研究。經研究發現，在非營利組織的經營管理方面，需要政府計畫性的協助或更多資金的挹注，在志工招募與運用上，「彭婉如文教基金會」動員社區居民自發性地參與社區治安維護工作值得警政單位效法。而就非營利組織形成政府重要政策面向觀察，非營利組織對治安政策的影響主要偏重在婦女、兒童安全議題方面。此外，在非營利組織參與治安政策之行動方面，本研究發現非營利組織參與治安政策之途徑，以「彭婉如文教基金會」推動「社區治安方案」及「刑事偵防協會」協助政府推動「兩岸共同打擊犯罪」提供非營利組織與警察機關在治安政策上合產協力的最佳例證。基於「警力有限，民力無窮」的理念，警察機關應主動尋求非營利組織的協助，提升警察機關回應能力，建立溝通協調機制，而非營利組織亦應有擔負公共責任之自覺，增進治安維護者、監督者角色，二者應建立在共同維護社會治安的明確目標下，加強彼此對話溝通，縮小彼此認知差距，增進互信，建立長期合作的夥伴關係。

With economic development and social change, public order in Taiwan has been deteriorated recently. Several Non-Profit Organizations (NGOs) began concerning public order issues. They did contribute to policy formulation and implementation of policing. This study tries to learn how these organizations operate and participate in the policy of policing. Ten NGOs in the field of public security have been selected to be samples being observed. And in-depth interview and participatory observation have been used as methods to collect relative data. This study has followings findings: 1.Majority of the NGOs did not have enough budgets. 2.Pen, Wan-Ru Foundation provided a good example in recruiting volunteers. 3.The number of NGO aiming to improve social order is still small. 4.Public-private co-production is a good way for NGO to participate in police activities. This study suggests that police agencies should actively seek assistance and cooperation from NGO. ommunications between police agencies and NGO should be strengthened to enhance mutual trust; and only through this, can the partnership be established.