公私協力的課責：我國有機農產品驗證制度的績效評估

Abstract

治理的內涵強調，衝突的解決是種非零和的調適與協調過程。在現今的治理思潮下，國家機關已被鑲嵌於網絡之中，與網絡中的其他行動者一齊參與公共議題解決。管制性政策的本質與治理的協力概念可能杆格不入，且在管制的過程中常有衝突之產生。當執行自我管制性政策時，國家機關該如何與其他非政府部門協力合作？又該如何評估其運作績效？換言之，基於政策性質的不同，國家機關可能因此而發展出不同的治理模式。從課責的觀點出發，本文以我國有機農產品驗證制度為例，藉由訪談有機農業政策網絡當中的行動者，進而檢視整體驗證制度的運作績效。本文一方面希望突顯在強調公私合作的有機農產品驗證制度當中，國家機關與第三部門之間的合作關係；另一方面，本文希望進一步評估目前有機農產品驗證制度的實際執行成效，藉此提出政府未來經營有機農業及驗證制度的政策建議。從課責的觀點出發，本文以我國有機農產品驗證制度為例，藉由訪談有機農業政策網絡當中的行動者，進而檢視整體驗證制度的運作績效。本文一方面希望突顯在強調公私合作的有機農產品驗證制度當中，國家機關與第三部門之間的合作關係；另一方面，本文希望進一步評估目前有機農產品驗證制度的實際執行成效，藉此提出政府未來經營有機農業及驗證制度的政策建議。

Governance emphasizes the notion of conflict resolution, it encourages a "non zero" process for adjustment and coordination. Nowadays, the state has been embedded in the networks, and is working with other network participants in solving public problems. However, the nature of "self-regulatory" policy is substantially different from that of governance, and conflicts do occur persistently in the regulation process. In such a "self-regulatory" policy, how should state coordinate with other Non Government Organizations in a public-private partnership arrangement? How can the performance of the partnership be evaluated? Is it possible for the state to initiate different kinds of governance models for different types of policy respectively? Emphasizing the concept of accountability, this research takes the Certification System of Organic Products in Taiwan as an example. On the basis of analyzing data generated from interview, the performance of the Certification System is evaluated from the participant`s perspective. Furthermore, how to allocate accountability in such a network is also examined. Research findings have generated policy applications and theoretical implications for future study.