組織自主性的受限與維護：婦女團體承辦新移民服務的主觀經驗

Abstract

隨著政府資源大量挹注在新移民婦女的社會服務契約方案，過去數年來婦女團體的服務大量擴展至新移民婦女福利服務。此一現象究竟代表經年承包政府契約的組織被動地依賴政府資源？或者具有自主性地投入在新社會問題？過去的文獻未能提供針對組織自主性主觀經驗的深入探討，以明瞭非營利組織多面向的決策內容。本文針對六個婦女團體的質性研究訪談，歸納出在組織承辦新移民服務的過程中，契約承包組織自主性的受限表現在「對內契約管理上的困擾」、「辦理投政府所好的服務」及「對外倡導的方式被動與溫和」。契約承包組織維護其自主性，則展現在「以發展創新服務來吸引政府委託服務時的關注」、「不再續約或向不同的政府單位申請」、「藉承包新契約嘗試未來發展的方向」，以及「與其他組織結盟製造政府壓力」。本文也討論研究發現的相關意涵與建議。

This study was to explore the extent of organizational autonomy in the context of social service contracted system. Current literature is not sufficient to understand the perspectives from people working in the nonprofit organizations. This study interviewed 13 managers and workers of 6 women service nonprofits that have contracted with government for years and also provided new immigrant public services in the last few years. The results showed autonomy of the nonprofit organizations was limited in their having management issues inside the organizations, in their compliance with government on services, and in their having mild attitude regarding to advocacy. The autonomy of the nonprofit organizations showed as they could provide updated services, as they could refuse contracts that contradict to their missions or abilities, and as they could connect with other organizations internationally. The implications and suggestions of this study are also discussed.