土地資源核心議題—土地系統動態變遷之因果與機制研究

Abstract

土地利用與覆蓋變遷（LUCC）主要由社會經濟發展（人為力量）和全球氣候與環境變化（自然力量）所引起，並直接或間接地與區域性的地球物理產生相互作用，從而影響地質、大氣、氣候和水文環境，過程中可能會引起災難，加上土地利用與覆蓋變遷，有可能使得該情況加劇。此外，環境條件與經濟、發展和治理的聯結至關重要，這樣的交互影響若是無合理的整合與規劃，可能影響國家的永續發展。台灣是一個致力於發展永續性策略與管理的國家，然而過去二十年來仍持續的發生大面積的土地利用與覆蓋變遷，洪水、乾旱和山崩事件頻發，且災害嚴重性顯著的增加。有鑑於此，本研究首先檢視台灣土地系統的驅動因素，動態變遷和機制，並討論都市、鄉村、坡地、海岸地區的發展現狀和關鍵議題，進一步探討自然力量與人為制度間的整合性策略，從而建立一個可以用於評估和促進台灣土地資源 韌性和永續性的綜合框架。

Significant land use/cover change (LUCC), primarily induced by socioeconomic development (anthropogenic forcing) and global climatic/environmental change (natural forcing), can interact directly or indirectly with regional geophysical processes, thereby affecting atmospheric, climatic and hydrological conditions. Some of these conditions could cause devastating disasters, which might be further aggravated by LUCC. The relationship that these conditions have with economy, development and inter-sectoral governance is of utmost importance. Such intersections have the potential to encumber the sustainable management ideology of a nation if inappropriate acts are implemented and citizens struggle to cope. Taiwan is a country devoted to sustainable management. Despite this, it has been experiencing tremendous LUCC as well as notable increases in the frequency and severity of floods, droughts, and landslide events during the last two decades. Therefore, this study investigated the driving factors, dynamic changes and mechanisms of land systems in Taiwan, review and identify the current status and critical issues in urban, rural, slope and coastal areas, to further examine the necessary strategy that could conduct the natural and institutional dimensions, and thus, build an integrated framework that assess and promote the resiliency and sustainability of land resources in Taiwan.