公部門兒少保個案之家庭處遇模式── 以高雄市家防中心為例

Abstract

本研究運用質性研究方法與共計六位高雄市家防中心兒少保社工與督導進行一對一深度訪談，探討公部門兒少保個案的家庭處遇服務。研究結果如下：\n1.家庭處遇服務之核心理念：\n兒少保社工強調「以家庭為中心」之處遇模式，而當面臨「兒童最佳利益」與「維持家庭完整性」間的兩難時，應以前者為優先考量，同時確保兒少人身安全，期待能提供兒少安全的成長環境與穩定的照顧品質。\n2.家庭處遇服務之專業價值與知能：\n家庭處遇服務專業強調以實證為基礎（Evidence-Based Practice, EBP）的實務模式，於家庭處遇服務過程中，以優勢觀點作為兒少保案件服務的核心知能，透過夥伴關係，聚焦於案家與兒少資源及優勢，運用社區資源等，使其得以自立並因應困境；另就實務經驗則透過資深社工與輔導員機制，使新進社工迅速熟悉工作環境、行政流程與家庭處遇之具體操作，督導機制則透過組織並營造互助合作的團隊氣氛，適時給予社工回饋與鼓勵。\n3.家庭處遇服務之實務現況：\n於實務現況，在個人層面，社工過往與兒少保相關的實務經驗與敏感度累積，乃處遇上之助力；關係層面，透過同儕與團隊間互助支持、藉助網絡單位專業知能及與民間單位分工合作，使家庭處遇服務更周延完備；體制層面，運用在職訓練與測量工具之助益，力求兒少保社工精益求精。\n針對實務困境，研究者建議以督導分配辦公室留守人力與值日生制度，因應保護性人力不足導致社工參與訓練仍分心處理緊急個案之心理壓力；並增加互動性座談之在職訓練課程，以利於短時間內使社工得以順利運用專業化工具；最後，就親職教育實施效益不彰的部分，則因實務阻礙原因繁雜，建議未來可再進行深入研究，尋求其他替代性策略，以提高其成效。

This study used qualitative research methods to conduct a one-on-one in-depth interview with a total of 6 child and youth protection social workers and supervisors from domestic violence and sexual assault prevention center in Kaohsiung city, to discuss the family intervention services for public child and youth protection cases. The research results are as follows:\n1.The core concept of family intervention services:\nThe child and youth protection social workers emphasizes the "family-centered" intervention model, and when faced with the dilemma between " the best interests of the child" and "maintain family integrity", the former should be considered first while ensuring the safety of child and youth, looking forward to providing them with a safe growth environment and stable quality of care.\n2.Professional value and knowledge of family intervention services:\nThe family treatment profession emphasizes an Evidence-Based Practice model. In the process of family intervention services, the strengths perspective is used as the core knowledge of child and youth protection services. Through partnerships, focusing on the resources and advantages of child and youth or their family, using community resources to enable them to stand on their own and respond to difficulties.\nIn addition, in terms of practical experience, new social workers are quickly familiarized with the working environment, administrative processes and specific operations of the family intervention through the mechanism of senior social workers and counselors, and the supervision mechanism is to organize and create a team atmosphere of mutual assistance and cooperation, and give social workers feedback and encouragement in due course.\n3.Current status of family intervention services:\nIn terms of practical status, at the individual level, social workers` past experience and sensitivity related to child and youth protection have accumulated, which is a helping hand. At the relationship level, through mutual assistance and support between peers and teams, the professional knowledge of network units and the division of labor and cooperation with private units, the family intervention services are more complete. At the institutional level, the use of on-the-job training and measurement tools will help the child and youth protection social workers to keep improving.\nIn view of the practical dilemma, the researcher recommends that the supervisors assign the office to stay behind and work on duty. In response to the lack of protective manpower, social workers are still distracted from the psychological pressure of handling emergency cases in training. Increase the on-the-job training courses of interactive forums to facilitate the social workers to use professional tools smoothly. Finally, the reasons for the practical obstacles to the implementation of ineffectiveness in parenting education are complex. It is suggested that in-depth research be conducted in the future to find other alternative strategies to improve the effectiveness of parenting education.