高岑並稱與唐代「邊塞」詩派之建構

Abstract

在中國文學史中，文人並稱現象是一個淵遠流長的傳統。不同的並稱均有其形成之背景脈絡，並在流衍之過程中，與文學史議題形成緊密的關係。本篇論文主要有兩個主軸：其一，「高岑」並稱的源流發展始末，其二，邊塞詩派的出現與形成。\n近代文學史中存在一個普遍的現象，即將高適、岑參兩位詩人視為「邊塞詩派」之代表，然此一說法實乃「後設」的論調。本篇論文考察「高岑」此一系統的沿革，兩家於「唐代」最初被並稱時，並非理所當然地被視為「邊塞詩人」，\n「高岑」逐漸被形塑為「邊塞詩人」，事實上是經由宋、元、明、清的歷史長河，加上近代文學史的編纂與書寫才被建立的圖像。\n「高岑」並稱在出現之後，在歷代不斷被對舉討論，不僅豐富了此一並稱的內涵，更在接受與再詮釋的過程中，逐步與「邊塞詩派」之建構產生繫連。本文在探討「高岑」並稱系統延展時，亦整理歷代重要選本對高適、岑參作品選錄之情況，可發現兩家之邊塞詩，在宋代以降有逐步被加重選錄之趨勢，並於明、清達到高峰，此一現象亦對「邊塞詩派」之形成與建構，具有一定之影響。\n在唐代「邊塞詩」此一領域，有關「邊塞詩派」如何建立此一議題，始終是學界懸而未決的區塊，本文以「並稱」為主要視角，透過對「高岑」此一並稱範型全面性之考察，企圖對「邊塞詩派」建構之歷程，提出不一樣的視野。

In Chinese history of literature, joint name of the literati has been a long-lasting tradition. Different joint names were based on different contexts. Besides, in the process of spread, they became highly connected with issues of history of literature. This study focuses on two key points. One is the origin of joint name of “Gao Cen” and the other is the appearance and formation of School of Frontier Poetry. \n Contemporary history of literature shows the following common phenomenon: the poets Gao Shi and Cen Shen were regarded as the representatives of “School of Frontier Poetry”. However, it was “meta” statement. This study explores the development of “Gao Cen” and when they became the joint name in “Tang Dynasty” in the early times, they were not granted as “Frontier Poets”. “Gao Cen” as “Frontier Poets” was the image successively constructed through the history of Sung, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty and editing and writing of contemporary history of literature. \n After the appearance of the joint name “Gao Cen”, it has been constantly discussed in the history. It not only enhanced the content of the joint name, but also was gradually associated with the construction of “School of Frontier Poetry” in the process of acceptance and re-interpretation. When this study probes into the development of the joint name “Gao Cen”, it generalizes the work selection of Gao Shi and Cen Shen in the past important texts and realizes that work selection of Frontier Poetry of the two schools has been enhanced from Sung Dynasty and it reached the peak time in Ming and Qing Dynasty. The phenomenon significantly influenced the formation and construction of “School of Frontier Poetry”. \n Regarding “Frontier Poetry” of Tang Dynasty, construction of “School of Frontier Poetry” has been controversial in academic circle. This study focuses on “the joint name” and thoroughly explores the joint name “Gao Cen” as the model in order to propose different perspective of establishment process of “School of Frontier Poetry”.