三維列印對台灣智慧財產法律的因應與挑戰— 以設計專利權侵害對產業發展與策略影響為中心

Abstract

從2014年開始的三維列印產業蓬勃發展開始，因為市場的熱絡，驅使了三維列印機器的進化。而透過三維列印機器的解析度變高、價錢變低、支援使用的材料種類變得更多元，也帶動了三維列印的普及化。故伴隨使用三維列印技術的相關智慧財產權爭議，也隨之而生。\n2019年國際大廠積極在我國申請設計專利，雖設計專利在我國受注意程度不如發明與新型專利，但可預期在未來幾年，將會是專利領域受到矚目的新焦點。本文利用文獻分析法，蒐集我國與美國相關文獻分析探討。以三維列印技術介紹為開端，進而簡述設計專利的申請要件、保護範圍與侵權判斷，並且以目前三維列印的商業模式下，探討各種可能的侵權行為模式。經由設計專利可能侵權模式分析中亦探討著作權競合之可能。文末，在簡探台灣智慧財產法在三維列印商業模式中可能遭遇之困局下，提出設計專利相關法律之芻議與三維列印業者發展方向之建議。

Since 2014, the rapid development of additive manufacturing (3D printing) industry is driving the huge growth of 3D printing technologies. With the better printing resolution, lower price, and the broader diversity of the material choice, disputes over intellectual property rights related to using 3D printing technology has also arisen.\nIn 2019, major international companies actively applied for design patents in Taiwan. Although, in contrast with utility patent and utility model patent, design patent gets less attention, it is expected to be a new focus in this field in coming few years. This thesis uses the literature analysis method to collect relevant literature analysis and discussion of Taiwan and United States. Started with the introduction of additive manufacturing technologies, and followed by the design patent application requirement, the scope of design patent protection, and design patent infringement. The discussion also includes the possibility of design patent infringement under the current additive manufacturing business model. Through the analysis of possible design patent infringement models, the possibility of the coopetition between patent law and copyright law is also discussed. At the end of this thesis, after a brief exploration of the difficulties that Taiwan’s intellectual property law may encounter in the business model of 3D printing, a humble opinion on design patent related laws and suggestions on the development direction of 3D printing industry are proposed.