論《密勒日巴大師全集》「物／悟境」之譯相

Abstract

藏傳佛教體系的噶舉傳承（白教）中最具著名的瑜伽士，同是噶舉教派第四代祖師－密勒日巴（1040－1123），隱山修行四十二年間，依自然之境轉化為證道佛果、生死自在的至要心訣，以道歌的形式彙集為《密勒日巴道歌集》或《十萬道歌集》。今皆與尊者傳記共同收錄於譯本《密勒日巴大師全集》。本文以「人非人、物非物」的母題出發，《密勒日巴大師全集》為文本，論析密勒尊者如何透過噶舉傳承－大手印教法「止觀」中「人無我、法無我」的修持，對應於尊者傳記與其吟唱的道歌所共顯「人非人、物非物」的所緣智觀，不僅徹底將外顯「物境」與內觀「悟境」之相，如實通達且無二，更善巧方便且智慧地將萬顯二元之相，譯解出心之究竟為本（自）然的勝義。

In the systems of Tibetan Buddhism of Kagyü lineage (White Sect), one of the remarkable yogīs is the fourth master-Milarepa (1040-1123) whose forty-two-year of Buddhist practices and retreats in mountains transform Nature into an Enlightened path of Buddha and becomes an essential mantra freed from living and dying through singing the dohā. Milarepa`s dohā are a compiled hagiographical collection entitled as The Collected Dohā of Milarepa or The Hundred Thousand Songs of Milarepa which are all included in Chinese version named The Collection of Milarepa Master. The paper based on the motif of ＂non-human and non-material＂ analyzes The Hagiography of Milarepa as a hagiographical text that how Milarepa practices Pudgala-nirātman and Sarvadharma-nirātman of Kagyü Lineage`s Dharma, ＂Mahāmudrā＂, corresponding to all his perceptual referents of wisdom and revealing both ＂non-human and non-material＂ realms in the biography and dohā. Milarepa`s spiritual achievement not only thoroughly transforms the outer objective and inner enlightened realms as Nimitta into a state of oneness but also skillfully and wisely interprets all binary phenomena as Mind as well as an ultimate of Naturalness.