宋春舫戲劇譯介工作的多樣性與當代性（1919－1937）

Abstract

本文嘗試梳理宋春舫所有參與過的劇本譯介工作，包含由他本人自譯、與他人合譯，以及出自他規畫並負責校對、編輯者。目前所見收入三種《宋春舫論劇》的文字並未交待原始刊登訊息，也未完整收錄宋春舫參與翻譯過的全部劇本；透過近現代報刊所留下的資料，我們得以並置多種宋春舫的重要論著和譯著，彼此參照，進行更為細緻的脈絡化考察。據本文統計，若不論是否完稿，宋春舫曾經參與譯介的戲劇共計20種，其中由他自行翻譯的有16種。為掌握宋春舫戲劇譯介工作的背景，本文先行查考他自上海求學至擔任北京大學教授的經歷，包括對其學識影響甚大的兩次歐遊期程；其次檢視他曾提出的兩份世界名劇劇目，建立他回國後劇本譯介工作的基礎認知；最後則分述他參與翻譯的20種歐洲戲劇，嘗試將其分類，並提出若干涉及版本、翻譯動機、原劇出處的分析。綜觀宋春舫自1919年至1937年的戲劇翻譯工作，多樣性和當代性實為最主要的特質。

This is a preliminary study of Soong Tsung-faung`s (or Song Chunfang in today`s spelling) complete work of translation of European drama into Chinese. Among the twenty plays which he was involved with the translation work, he was the sole translator of sixteen and co-worked or edited the other four. Some of these texts had not been collected in his three volumes of On Theatre and had hence been forgotten. This paper tries to re-examine them in their original form of publication. The contextualization of their original appearances in periodicals helps us understand more of Soong`s intention and methods behind his translation and introduction of these European dramas to the Chinese readers. By consulting the catalogue of his personal library, the Comora, we are also able to determine some of the originals he used for his translation. The paper is divided into three main parts: the first recounts Soong`s educational background and his journey towards professorship in drama in modern China. He familiarized himself with up-to-date innovations of Western drama and theatre during the years he spent in Europe. The second analyses two lists of modern plays which Soong provided for the Chinese intelligentsia for consideration of translation. The third then categorizes the twenty translations by Soong and discusses the motives, strategies and original sources of these texts. In light of the new findings in all three parts, we may enhance our understanding of Soong`s contribution to the development of modern Chinese drama.