聽老人說「畫」： 高齡者家庭繪畫中的生命故事與自我認同

Abstract

本研究採納「生命歷程觀點」，並設計「家庭生命圖」繪製活動以及深度訪談研究歷程。蒐集兩位65 歲以上高齡者的家庭生命故事文本後，以敘事理論探究其中的主題與意涵，以及家庭生命故事文本反映的自我認同及認同之轉變。研究發現，兩位個案雖來自不同背景，然其家庭生命圖皆出現「錢」、「屋舍」、「家人」及「與工作有關的符號」等元素，象徵經營家庭的條件。兩人的故事則呈現不同生命階段的主題：艱辛的童年以母親為重要他人，必須在依戀與自我獨立間取得平衡；成年時期必須在「婚姻與工作」以及「自由與責任」間抉擇。然而，無論生命喜悲，兩位高齡者皆在晚年階段呈現出維繫人生完整感的生命智慧。

Two elders were invited by this Researcher to portray “family life pictures” and interviewed in order to acquire texts of their life story with family as the theme. Further, based on narrative theory, this Researchers plowed through the essence of the texts, topics, narrative elements and structures, as well as the reflected self-identity and the identity transition. The result indicated that, in spite of their distinctive backgrounds, the family life pictures herein both exhibited some indispensable requirements of building family such as “money”, “houses”, “family members”, and “other work-related signs.” Each story illustrated a distinguished theme representing its respective life stages: during the elders’ arduous childhood with their mothers being the significant others, they had to strike a balance between reliance and independence; while in their adulthood, they inevitably encountered dilemmas between “marriage and job” or between “liberty and duty.” Irrespective of ups and downs, the elders both presented life wisdom upholding their completeness of life.