廣電新聞訪問中個人經驗故事之分析取徑初探

Abstract

本文透過文獻檢閱，嘗試提出廣電媒體訪問之個人經驗故事分析取徑。本文選擇Labov 的口語敘事分析架構作為理論基礎，建議納入言談互動與多媒材考量。首先，針對廣電媒體訪問，本文認為可透過對話分析強調當事人觀點，以及對言談互動的敏感度，彌補 Labov 分析架構難以清楚劃分各項敘事元素，以及在研究口語互動情境上的不足。其次，由於廣電媒體訪問本身便是多媒材活動，本文認為研究者可同時分析訪問雙方之語言使用、目光、肢體動作、畫面文字及影像等多媒材，探究訪問雙方如何共同建構受訪者的個人經驗故事元素，以及描繪故事之時空面向與未來性。

This article aims to propose a pilot framework for studying personal experience stories in broadcast news interviews. Based on Labovian oral narrative schema, this article suggests that oral narrative researches put special emphasis on interaction contexts and the use of multimode. On the one hand, conversation analysis, which is sensitive to the context in talk and stresses to analyze data from participants’ point of view, is considered as an efficient way to define narrative elements and explore the context of telling personal experience stories. On the other hand, a broadcast interview is a multimodal activity which is composed of gaze, gesture, language and image. By analyzing personal experience stories in broadcast news interviews, researchers can explore how interviewees’ personal experience stories including the temporal and spatial dimensions and the future orientation are constructed in the interaction between an interviewer and an interviewee.