影響老舊建物補強修繕關鍵因子之評估研究

Abstract

台灣建築物屋齡瀕臨「高齡化」之數量日益增加，而直接或間接影響此揭老舊建物損害因子除了地震等天然災害外，尚包括建築物自然老化及人為破壞等因素，進而影響居住者身體健康 ; 居家安全以及經濟發展等問題。本研究目的係針對老舊建築物若欲繼續提供居住服務，同時維持良好機能 ; 結構安全 ; 建築美觀，以及採用環保材料進行修繕補強等問題研究其關鍵因素，並運用層級程序分析法（AHP）得到各指標之相對權重。研究發現：（1）結構性能對老舊建物補強修繕之影響最為關鍵；（2）預算財源籌措不易難以達成共識，獎勵補助及減稅措施將成為刺激民眾申請補強修繕之誘因。老舊建物除了透過都市更新或重建，還可以透過整建維護延長使用期限與強度，然後者為民眾接受度不如前兩者，即使政府訂定相關規則補助獎勵，得到的效果仍不顯著。本研究結論除了指出影響整建維護的關鍵因素，並針對各個面向提出相關政策建議，期望提供政府及業界一落實整建維護的具體可行方案。

The number of ＂aging＂ buildings in Taiwan is growing. In addition to the natural disasters, e.g., earthquakes, other factors that may undermine building structure include natural aging and man-made damage. The aging buildings may raise problems of residents’ health, living safety and economic development. The purpose of this study focuses on the key factors to keep the essential dwelling functions of an old building working while ensuring its structural safety, architectural aesthetics, and environmental protection at the same time. The relative weights of each evaluation indicators will be decided through using the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This study reaches the following conclusions: 1. ＂Structural performance＂ is the most important factor deemed by experts evaluating the necessity of revamping old buildings. The other key factors, ranked in order, include fire prevention, risk of falling objects, and budgetary resources. 2. The government can use incentive subsidies and tax reduction measures to encourage residents to apply for revamping old buildings. Through the conclusions of this study and policy recommendations, it is expected to provide feasible ways to implement the maintenance policy for the relevant industries, government, and academia.